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担心“硬脱欧” 美银行业大资金或撤离伦敦

2017-06-21 08:07:36   新华社

美国一些大型银行正在考虑,是否因英国“脱欧”把巨额交易迁出伦敦。这些银行包括美国摩根士丹利银行、美国银行和花旗银行。

国际银行业巨头通常把许多业务放在伦敦。这些业务不仅来自欧洲客户,同样来自亚洲、非洲和美洲。

英国《金融时报》20日提供的数据显示,美元在伦敦的交易量是美国纽约的两倍;全球几乎40%的利率衍生品交易发生在伦敦。

尽管各大银行曾经发声,因英国“脱欧”打算把数以千计金融业岗位搬离伦敦,但把大资金撤离伦敦的想法先前并未引发太多关注。

《金融时报》评论,这将动摇伦敦作为全球主要投资银行中心的地位。撤资对这些银行在英国业务的几乎方方面面都有影响,包括工作岗位数量。

【担心“硬脱欧”】

《金融时报》报道,一些银行业高管担心,如果英国选择“硬脱欧”,英国和欧洲大陆的金融业将脱节,届时伦敦作为记账中心的地位将降低。他们开始讨论是否把一些业务迁往纽约、中国香港、新加坡和德国法兰克福。

美国纽约梅隆银行欧洲部负责人迈克尔·科尔—丰泰纳说,如果“脱欧”迫使银行不得不拆分集聚在伦敦的资本,将产生“非常巨大”的成本。

他说:“那样的结果绝对可能发生。我们一直说,现在依托伦敦支持就业和金融活动的资本和流动性不能搬去纽约,这颇为重要。”

他说,背靠英国的银行持有570亿欧元(约合635亿美元)资金,用于支持超过1万亿欧元(1.1万亿美元)与欧洲客户的证券和衍生品业务;另外持有130亿欧元(145亿美元)资金,用于支持对欧洲客户的1800亿欧元(2007亿美元)贷款业务。

【伦敦慢失血】

让银行业尤为警觉的是,欧盟委员会正计划改革欧盟以外地区欧元结算业务的监管体制。

根据这一计划,对欧盟金融体系构成系统重要性的机构,包括位于英国的机构,可能会被要求接受欧盟当局的直接监管。在必要情况下,相关金融机构将不得不把欧元结算业务迁往欧盟境内的地点。

《金融时报》援引一名资深银行家的话说:“如果多个地区引入欧盟‘地点要求’,伦敦建起的高效(金融)生态系统将遭割裂。这是一个缓慢的、10年的慢性失血过程,而非立即割断动脉。”

报道说,欧盟正在酝酿一项方案,要求银行为其在欧盟的业务建立控股公司,配备独立的资金池。这可能将是打向伦敦的另一记重拳。

德意志银行负责监管事宜的西尔维·马特拉说,“脱欧”引发的监管压力,可能迫使这家银行在英国9000名员工中的将近一半离开英国。

不过,现在得出任何具体结论显然为时尚早。报道援引一些资深银行家的话说,英国与欧盟达成新贸易协定后,银行才会就重大举措做决定。

欧盟和英国19日在比利时布鲁塞尔启动“脱欧”谈判。根据欧盟法律,欧盟和英国需要在两年内完成“脱欧”谈判。(卜晓明)(新华社专特稿)

原标题:担心“硬脱欧” 美银行业大资金或撤离伦敦

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