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叙战机遭击落折射各方利益博弈

2017-06-20 16:45:20   新华社

叙利亚军方一架战机18日在叙北部拉卡省被美国主导的打击“伊斯兰国”国际联盟击落。这是自2011年叙利亚危机爆发以来首次发生美军击落叙政府军战机事件。

分析人士认为,这一事件折射出当前形势下各方在叙利亚的利益博弈。随着极端组织“伊斯兰国”在叙势力不断萎缩,各方为抢夺地盘难免发生冲突,但全面对抗的可能性尚小。

战机击落事件发生后,叙利亚方面予以谴责。叙利亚军方在声明中说,美国在叙政府军打击“伊斯兰国”日渐取得进展之际发起“公然挑衅”,意在削弱叙军队实力,而叙军方是在叙境内合法打击恐怖主义的“唯一有效力量”。

叙利亚盟友俄罗斯国防部19日宣布,任何飞过叙境内幼发拉底河以西的国际联盟飞机,都将被俄方的导弹系统和军机视为追踪的潜在目标。

美国则称叙政府军袭击国际联盟支持的“叙利亚民主军”在先。

库尔德武装主导的“叙利亚民主军”在一份声明中指责叙政府军近日轰炸了其驻扎在拉卡省省会拉卡市西南的武装,威胁称“一旦袭击再次发生将进行报复”。

美国军方说,国际联盟无意与叙军方或俄罗斯升级矛盾,袭击战机是为了保护“叙利亚民主军”。

对此,叙利亚分析人士表示,此事表面上是因打击“伊斯兰国”而产生的军事摩擦,实际上折射出各方对长远利益的争夺。目前“伊斯兰国”节节败退,留下的地盘关乎各方战略利益。美国击落战机的行为不排除“划红线”的意图,即在相关地区向叙军方及其盟友宣示禁区。

叙军方近日在打击“伊斯兰国”的军事行动中收复大片土地。一位不愿透露身份的叙利亚军事专家表示,战机遭击落的地区对叙政府军有战略意义,夺取该地后政府军可向被“伊斯兰国”占领的叙东部代尔祖尔省以西挺进。“这是美国不愿意看到的,因为那里被美国及其支持的叙反对派视为利益所在。”

实际上,美国此前曾不止一次“划红线”,以受到威胁为由对叙政府军实施打击。但叙军方及其盟友的回应相对克制,仅对其行为进行了谴责。

有媒体分析,美国总统特朗普上台后在打击“伊斯兰国”方面给了军方更大自主权,这使得美军方的强硬举动增多。尽管如此,美国在叙利亚打击“伊斯兰国”这一主要战略没有改变。

应该说,叙利亚问题各方为了捍卫既得地盘或争夺“伊斯兰国”溃退后的真空地带,相互试探或明争暗夺在所难免。但在极端组织尚未全面清除的背景下,各方的重心仍是打击恐怖主义,尽量避免全面冲突和对抗。

“预计叙政府军、‘叙利亚民主军’以及各自背后的阵营还会不时发生冲突,但彼此不会爆发大规模冲突。”一名接近“叙利亚民主军”的消息人士对记者说:“美国和俄罗斯还没做好对抗的准备,双方当务之急是在消灭‘伊斯兰国’之前划分的势力范围。”(郑一晗)

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