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未成年人案审判白皮书:性侵被害人低龄化趋势明显

2017-06-16 11:03:57   央视网

央广网北京6月16日消息(记者孙莹)据中国之声《央广新闻》报道,北京市第一中级法院未成年人审判庭,依法受理涉及未成年人的刑事、民事、行政、减刑、假释案件,昨天发布未成年人案件综合审判白皮书,对未成年人案件特点、成因等进行调研分析,数据显示,未成年人犯罪案件数量总体呈下降趋势,多与网络有关联,故意杀人等暴力犯罪案件占案件总数四成以上。

北京一中院调研发现,未成年人刑事犯罪案件特点显著。未成年人犯罪案件数量总体呈下降趋势。2010年审理未成年人犯罪案件40件,达到顶点,2013年以前逐年递减,2014年又有下降,2016年略有上升,但相较2010年,同比仍下降27.5%。

未成年人犯罪类型集中。犯故意杀人罪等暴力犯罪案件占案件总数的40%以上;犯抢劫罪等财产型犯罪以及强奸罪等性侵犯罪案件分别占案件总数的20%以上。另外,未成年犯表现出犯罪年龄低龄化、未成年女性犯罪趋势明显、非京籍人员犯罪比例较高等特点。

法官分析,“探究未成年人犯罪的成因,大多与网络具有直接或者间接的联系。”法官举例,有的未成年人沉溺于网络,受网络上暴力、黄色内容的不良影响进而诱发犯罪。有的未成年人以网络为工具或媒介,通过网络、社交软件结交他人,借交友名义实施犯罪或召集、组织他人犯罪,如通过网络雇凶杀人。在当前社会转型期,原有的利益格局被打破,社会不良风气滋生,社会道德问题凸显。

“在互联网极度发达、智能手机已全面普及的今天,未成年人用极低的成本就可以获得不良信息、习得犯罪手段甚至购买犯罪工具。”法官提示,做好预防未成年人犯罪工作,需要政府、司法机关、学校、家庭等各方面共同参与,为未成年人身心健康发展创造良好的社会环境。

另外,错误的家庭教育方式,引发未成年人行为偏差。“宠惯型”、“放任型”教育等错误的家庭教育方式,导致未成年人的行为偏差不能及时纠正,受来自社会和他人的不良影响,增加犯罪可能性。

仇富心理和盲目攀比易使未成年人走向犯罪。未成年人心智尚不成熟,易有贪图享乐、盲目攀比的心理,随之产生仇富情绪和反抗欲望,进而选择犯罪手段来满足自己的物质需求。

“被边缘化”处境激化未成年人不良情绪。城市中资源分配不均会强化未成年人的“被剥夺感”。特别是随父母进城务工或打工农民,往往在升学、就业、医疗方面遇到重重壁垒,这种“被边缘化”处境也会成为犯罪诱因。

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