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新华社华盛顿6月12日电(记者林小春王艳红)据美国《新英格兰医学杂志》12日发表的一份报告估计,全球超过20亿人超重或肥胖,这意味着全球约三分之一人口受超重或肥胖相关健康问题的困扰。
这份报告利用全球性卫生合作项目“全球疾病负担”的调查数据,分析了195个国家和地区的超重与肥胖及相关健康问题的趋势。研究显示,自1980年以来,超过70个国家的肥胖率增加一倍,最令人担忧的发现是中国、巴西、印度尼西亚等发展中国家的青少年肥胖率增加了两倍,这意味着青少年糖尿病、高血压和慢性肾病等一系列疾病的发病率增加。
最新报告把超重与肥胖问题视为“一个日益严重、令人不安的全球公共卫生危机”。2015年全球有22亿人受超重或肥胖问题困扰,其中1.08亿儿童和超过6亿成年人属于肥胖人群,即5%的儿童和12%的成年人肥胖。尽管儿童肥胖率低于成年人,但许多国家的儿童肥胖率增速高于成年人。
在全球人口最多的20个国家中,青少年肥胖率最高的是美国,接近13%,最低的是孟加拉国,约1.2%;成年人肥胖率最高的是埃及,约35%,最低的是越南,约1.6%;肥胖儿童数量最多的是中国和印度,分别达到1530万人和1440万人;肥胖成年人数量最多的是美国和中国,分别达到7940万人和5730万人。
此外,2015年全球约400万人因超重或肥胖问题死亡,其中近40%发生在超重人群。
超重与肥胖通常以身体质量指数衡量,其计算方法是体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方。一般认为,这个指数超过25为超重,30以上则属肥胖。
责任编辑:都基强 CN065
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