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眼看到手的遗产飞了,只因他少做一件事

2017-06-11 08:26:15   

陈某膝下有一子陈甲一女陈乙。陈甲长期在外打工,未婚,无子女。陈乙则远嫁海外,有一子钱甲,年近20。因陈乙与其丈夫钱某不幸车祸罹难,遂钱甲回国欲与陈某一起共同生活。陈某对钱甲疼爱有加,并立下遗嘱,要将财产全部留给钱甲。几年后陈某去世,钱甲通知陈甲回家为其父亲办丧事,陈甲回家后与钱甲一起办完丧事后欲提出遗产分割,而钱甲则表示陈甲生前立下遗嘱,将财产全部留给自己。陈甲不答应,遂起诉钱甲。最后法院认定钱甲未在规定时间内表示接受遗赠,视为放弃,最后财产按法定继承,全部由陈甲继承。 为什么钱甲拿不到这份遗产呢?接下来我们分析一下,为什么出现这样的情况。首先,陈某与钱甲之间是爷爷与外孙之间的关系,而钱甲并非陈某的法定继承人,根据《继承法》第十条规定,法定继承人中第一顺序人是指配偶、子女、父母,第二顺序继承人是指兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母。显然钱甲不在此列。而陈某所立的遗嘱严格来说属于遗赠。根据《继承法》第十六条规定,公民可以立遗嘱将个人财产赠给国家、集体或者法定继承人以外的人。而问题就出在这里,根据《继承法》第二十五条第二款的规定,公民可以立遗嘱将个人财产赠给国家、集体或者法定继承人以外的人。受遗赠人应当在知道受遗赠后两个月内,作出接受或者放弃受遗赠的表示。到期没有表示的,视为放弃受遗赠。钱甲在知道陈某将财产留给自己时,并没有以明示或默示的方法做出表示接受遗赠的意思,所以视为放弃受遗赠。 在生活中,很多长辈将遗产留给孙辈,但孙辈在接受的时间却忽略了表示接受遗赠的行为。那么照该案例钱甲应该怎么做呢?钱甲可以在知道受遗赠的2个月内通过书面形式或委托律师以律师函的形式向法定继承人、被继承人作出通知,表示接受遗赠,或者办理遗赠公证,确认接受遗赠。 问题到此,仍然没有结束。如果说钱甲是未成年人呢?应该怎么办?如果钱甲是未成年人,那么本案将发生逆转,钱甲可以获得全部财产。基于未成年人的保护,根据《继承法》第六条、《最高人民法院关于贯彻执行<中华人民共和国继承法若干问题的意见>第八条、《最高人民法院关于贯彻执行<中华人民共和国民法通>若干问题的意见(试行)》第一百二十九条规定,无行为能力人的继承权、受遗赠权,由他的法定代理人代为行使。限制行为能力人的继承权、受遗赠权,由他的法定代理人代为行使,或者征得法定代理人同意后行使。法定代理人代理被代理人行使继承权、受遗赠权,不得损害被代理人的利益。法定代理人一般不能代理被代理人放弃继承权、受遗赠权。明显损害被代理人利益的,应认定其代理行为无效。赠与人明确表示将赠与物赠给未成年人个人的,应当认定该赠与物为未成年人的个人财产。换言之,未成年人接受遗赠时可无需做出接受的表示。详情可参考《遗赠未成年人财产时该未成年人无需做出接受的表示——黄远志等诉黄金英等遗赠纠纷案(2006)梧民再字第17号》。 综上两个案子,可以看出,受遗赠者如果是成年人,则必须做出接受的表示,如果是未成年人,则无需做出接受的表示。在此特别提醒,不是法定继承人以外的个人如果是成年人,一定要记得在应当知道2个月内做出接受遗赠的表示,否则视为放弃。

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