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中国首提新核能系统 铀资源利用或提升至数万年

2017-06-11 08:20:57   

光明日报北京6月9日电(记者齐芳) 近日从中国科学院获悉,我国科学家在未来先进核裂变能——加速器驱动次临界系统(ADS)研究中取得重大成果,并基于此在国际上首次提出一种新核能系统——加速器驱动先进核能系统(ADANES),有望使核裂变能成为可持续近万年、安全、清洁的战略能源。

中国科学院重大科技任务局局长王越超介绍,ADS是国际上公认的一种最有前景的核废料安全处理技术途径,但尚未有建成的装置。中国科学院于2011年启动了“未来先进核裂变能”战略性先导科技专项,集中中国科学院近代物理研究所、中国科学院高能物理研究所、中国科学技术大学等14家机构的科研力量,突破了ADS强流超导质子直线加速器、高功率散裂靶、次临界堆装置等单向关键技术,为我国率先建成实验装置奠定了技术基础。

研究中,我国科学家创新性地提出了ADANES核能系统,已通过大规模并行计算模拟研究,完成了一系列原理实验验证,并取得了突破性进展。中国科学院近代物理研究所副所长徐瑚珊说,ADANES集核废料的嬗变、核燃料的增殖以及核能发电于一体,可将铀资源利用率从现在的不到1%提高到超过95%,处理后的核废料也会大大降低,“按照现在的利用效率,地球上的铀资源只能用约百年,但应用这一系统可让铀资源的利用提升至数万年”。

徐瑚珊据介绍,我国提出了ADANES四步走发展战略:原理研究及关键技术攻关(2011年—2020年)—原理验证(2016年—2023年)—技术验证(2022年—2030年)—工业推广(2030年以后)。目前,ADANES燃烧器——十二五国家重大科技基础设施“加速器驱动嬗变研究装置CiADS”已经国家发改委立项批复。

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