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挖到的乌木属于国家还是个人呢

2017-05-27 08:15:13   

乌木(阴沉木)兼备木的古雅和石的神韵,有“东方神木”和“植物木乃伊”之称。由地震、洪水、泥石流将地上植物生物等全部埋入古河床等低洼处,埋入淤泥中的部分树木,在缺氧、高压状态下,细菌等微生物的作用下,经长达成千上万年炭化过程形成乌木,故又称“炭化木”。历代都把乌木用作辟邪之物,制作的工艺品、佛像、护身符挂件。古人云:“家有乌木半方,胜过财宝一箱”。

乌木的原生古树多为红椿、楠木、青冈、麻柳、香樟、花楸等品种,并不是所有的古木都能成为乌木,也并不是乌木都是黑色的,或黑色的就是乌木。而由名贵的古木,经几千年所形成的乌木即为上乘乌木。由于乌木的不可再生性,价格一度被炒成天价。

前几年闹得沸沸扬扬的天价乌木案,轰动一时,引起了大家的广泛讨论。5年前春节,四川彭州吴高亮在自家的承包地里发现了乌木,并对乌木进行了挖掘。这次挖掘总共挖掘出了7根乌木,最长的长达34米,直径约为1.5米,经过经中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所鉴定,这批乌木为隶樟科的桢楠,即俗称的“金丝楠木”,为乌木中最贵的品种。

就在同年7月份左右,彭州市国资办做出正式答复:乌木归国家,奖励发现者吴高亮7万元。而吴高亮提出这批乌木价值在2000万左右,按照相关法规应该奖励自己400万。对于彭州市奖励7万元的做法并不认同,双方对于奖励金额产生了较大的分歧,难以协商。相似的情况还有很多,

2012年重庆潼南乌木案

2012年10月,潼南村民王某在涪江河内发现一根乌木,与同村另外8人协同打捞挖掘。当地文物局也在同时接到王某等的报告,但是文物局却以不是文物为由未予收藏。

鉴于文物局的处理结果,12月,村民将乌木卖的19.6万元,其中一人将分到的1.4万元上交财政局。重庆潼南当地政府并未直接使用行政手段将乌木收归国有,而是通过诉讼的形式,将和村民之间的争议作为民事纠纷诉至法院,由法院进行判断。法院的一审二审结果均判决乌木归国家所有,要求村民返还乌木出售的价款。

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