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这次受伤的为什么又是英国?内忧+外患,梅姨如何接招?
当地时间22日晚,英国曼彻斯特体育馆发生爆炸
当地时间22日晚,英国曼彻斯特体育馆发生爆炸,目前已造成80多人伤亡。英国官员称,袭击者可能已经在爆炸中丧生,怀疑是一起“独狼式”的行动。而此时,距离上一次英国遭受袭击,只有两个月时间。
为什么又是英国?
从3月22日一名袭击者持刀冲向英国议会大厦,到4月27日英国警方逮捕一名在议会大厦附近的持刀男子,再到5月22日曼彻斯特体育馆的演唱会现场发生爆炸,英国今年以来,为何成为恐怖袭击的重灾区?笔者以为,主要有以下三点原因:
第一,恐怖主义日益走向草根化、小型化、年轻化,“独狼式”袭击手段更加多样,追踪难度加大,英国安保面临巨大挑战。但同时,包括英国、法国在内的西方国家,过于强调个人自由不受侵犯,甚至有人说“我的自由比生命更重要”,这种价值理念,导致有些国家层面的反恐举措难以落实,从而留下了安全漏洞。
第二,英国对伊拉克和叙利亚的军事行动和反恐行动参与程度深,树敌众多,这使其面临严重的恐怖威胁。事实上,英国情报部门此前曾经表示,恐怖分子袭击英国,不是是否发生的问题,而是何时发生的问题。
第三,与经济政策与多元文化融合失败的内生性根源有关。我们看到,最近几年在巴黎、布鲁塞尔、伦敦所发生的一系列恐怖事件中,肇事者不少是从叙利亚返回的欧洲激进青年,他们在经济低迷、民粹主义崛起、排外情绪加重的背景下,很容易受到极端思想的影响,成为欧洲社会内部的“定时炸弹”。所以,从根本上说,不解决经济和就业的问题,不解决文化族群融合的问题,就很难消除恐怖主义滋生的土壤。
对英国脱欧有何影响?
最新的爆炸事件对英国社会和公众的心理冲击是巨大的。一方面,它发生在大型公共活动场所,事发时曼彻斯特体育馆内正在举行演唱会,所以造成比较大的伤亡。这也可以看出,袭击者制造社会恐慌的意图很明显。另一方面,英国正在准备与欧盟开启脱欧谈判,爆炸事件的发生,无疑加重了英国脱欧的情绪 ,加速了英国脱欧的进程。
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