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有一个姓“臭”的不速之客,要袭击京津冀!和雾霾一样难受!

2017-05-19 16:21:46   

最近,北方人民陷入了一片炙热之中,不仅华北平原很热,东北也热得一塌糊涂,内蒙古的部分城市气温达43℃,可以说是破纪录的热了!今天京津冀的高温依然热情不减,不过,除了高温外,另一个不速之客也随着热辣的阳光到来了!它就是污染!

这段时间的华北平原,不仅阳光毒辣而且风力微弱,在这种情况下,空气趋于静稳,有利于污染物的堆积。因此,中国环保部指出,京津冀及周边地区将可能迎来一次污染过程,京津冀地区甚至可能面临局地重度污染。与往常不同的是,这次的主要污染不是PM2.5,而是臭氧(O₃)。

臭氧大家并不陌生,地球防卫有害射线有一大部分功劳就来自于大气层中的臭氧层。不过,臭氧一旦来到了近地面,就是一种污染物,因为臭氧独特的化学结构,使得其具有相当强的氧化性,空气中臭氧浓度的增加会增强空气的氧化性,诱发城市光化学烟雾。它的危害在全球早已被人们所知,轻则导致人群患红眼病,重则让人眼晴痛、头痛、呼吸困难,甚至可能致命。

而京津冀此次面临的臭氧危机,除了与污染有关外,与毒辣的阳光和高温有着密切的关系。近地面的臭氧的形成,是由于在高温光照的催化下,人类排放的氮氧化物和挥发性有机物发生复杂的化学反应而形成。氮氧化物主要来自机动车、发电厂、燃煤锅炉和水泥炉窑等;挥发性有机物主要来自机动车和石化工业排放等。

这段时间,京津冀天气晴朗,阳光毒辣,高温高烧不退,同时,风力偏小,无论是汽车尾气还是锅炉烟气都难以稀释,污染物在空气中大量堆积,被高温强光催化,于是产生了大量臭氧。

对于京津冀地区的人来说,浓度逐渐升高的臭氧将会刺激人的呼吸道,并让人产生头痛、眼睛灼热等感觉,影响相当明显,因此,在这段时间,建议减少出门,避免在正午阳光最烈臭氧浓度最高的时候暴露在室外,减轻臭氧对人体带来的伤害。

随着未来几天冷空气即将影响京津冀,气温下降,风力加强,京津冀的污染状况将有所改观。

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