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叙利亚和谈再进一步 将在叙境内建立四个安全区

2017-05-06 08:51:16   新华网

5月3日至4日,叙利亚、俄罗斯、土耳其、伊朗以及东道方哈萨克斯坦的代表齐集哈萨克斯坦首都阿斯塔纳,就叙利亚局势进行阿斯塔纳和谈第四轮谈判。会上通过的在叙建立安全停火区域的决议,受到国际社会的高度评价和支持。而叙利亚反对派武装首次派出代表参加和谈,则被认为是本轮谈判的最大突破和亮点。

联合国秘书长古特雷斯在谈判结束后即通过发言人发表声明,对俄罗斯、土耳其和伊朗就在叙利亚建立“冲突降级区”达成协议感到鼓舞,并欢迎各方重申政治解决叙利亚问题的重要性。

俄罗斯总统普京此前曾提议在叙利亚建立安全区域,并得到了土耳其总统埃尔多安的支持。在4日进行的多边谈判中,俄罗斯、土耳其和伊朗三方以担保国的身份,就此签订了备忘录。根据这份备忘录,未来将在叙利亚境内建立四个安全区域,在这些区域内,除应对极端组织外,将禁止使用一切武器,停止全部军事行动,以便人道主义组织在这些地区提供医疗救助等各项援助。俄罗斯、土耳其和伊朗将作为担保国,负责监督叙利亚各方在安全区域内遵守停火协议。叙利亚政府方面对这一决定表示支持。叙政府代表团团长巴沙尔·扎法里在谈判后表示,本轮谈判是“实质性的进步”,为政治协商叙利亚问题创造了可能性。

尽管此次签订的备忘录被认为是阿斯塔纳和谈开展以来取得的最大成功,但叙利亚反对派代表团内部对此并未取得一致认同。在签字现场,一部分反对派代表因不满伊朗成为停火担保国而直接离场,签字仪式一度因此中断。据悉目前在叙利亚境内共有十余支反对派武装活动,此次参加谈判的反对派代表团,其成员来自不同派别。因此,反对派代表团内部原本在具体政治主张上就存有分歧。

据信,未来安全区域将设定在伊德利卜、拉塔基亚、哈马以及阿勒颇等省份。这些省份是目前叙境内战事最为激烈的地区,叙利亚政府军、极端组织和温和反对派的势力在这里犬牙交错。

有哈萨克斯坦分析人士认为,自去年底,纳扎尔巴耶夫总统同普京、埃尔多安等人共同提出叙利亚问题阿斯塔纳和谈,至今相关各方已经进行了四轮谈判。这显示,阿斯塔纳和谈正在逐渐形成常态,但同时也凸显了叙利亚和解进程的复杂性。哈国政治学者卡乌克诺夫认为,在近期美、俄等国在叙利亚军事动作不断的大背景下,相关各方能够继续坐到谈判桌前已属不易,这也显示了各方为叙利亚局势寻求出路的共同诉求。(记者 高寒)

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