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赞比亚前总统卡翁达:愿为坦赞铁路升级改造再贡献力量

2017-05-04 13:59:23   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 朱宛玲、刘畅、邢一行):坦赞铁路目前遭遇的困境,简而言之,原因有二:一个是运量不足,另一个是管理体制不顺。今年年初,王毅外长在访问赞比亚时曾表示,三国已就早日升级改造坦赞铁路达成了共识。那么坦赞铁路的升级计划进行到了哪一步?坦赞铁路又能为“一带一路”倡议的落实与推进贡献什么样的力量?

从赞比亚首都卢萨卡往其东南方向行驶约半小时,满眼尽是随丘陵起伏的绿意。现年93岁的赞比亚开国总统卡翁达,就生活在此处一个院落中。尽管已经退出政坛快20年,作为一手规划了坦赞铁路蓝图并推动其实现的亲历者,他对坦赞铁路依然十分关心。对其未来,卡翁达还有宏大的设想。

卡翁达说:“我现在在设想,通过坦赞铁路,让其他国家也像我们赞比亚这样,同中国做生意。我们可以建一个扩大版本的坦赞铁路,通过扩大版本的坦赞铁路把这一地区的其他国家同中国的发展联系到一起。”

卡翁达对坦赞铁路未来的期许,与中国政府提出的“一带一路”倡议的目标颇为契合:“一带一路”倡议追求的是沿线各国政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通,旨在同沿线各国分享中国发展机遇,实现共同繁荣。而修建于40多年前的坦赞铁路,在其修建与运营过程中早已实现了基础设施、制度规章、人员交流三位一体的互联互通。中国驻赞比亚大使杨优明说:“四十年来,坦赞铁路总共运送旅客超过5千万人次,运输货物超过3千万吨,凭这些数字来说,对国家的发展做出了巨大的贡献,对赞比亚人和周边人员的交往也做出了巨大的贡献。另一个方面,它对赞比亚人才的培养也做出了巨大贡献。坦赞铁路兴建的时候,中国的工程技术人员和赞比亚的工程技术人员一起工作,这个过程中有技术的交流。不仅如此,我们还专门选派了100个人(注:从赞比亚和坦桑尼亚各选派100人,实际为200人)到中国去学习,之后每年还选派几十人去学习。这些人学成之后不仅是经营铁路,还流入别的领域,成为整个国家发展的栋梁之才。”

在中国政府大力推动“一带一路”倡议落地的背景下,升级改造坦赞铁路,让其重新焕发生机,无疑能极大提升南部非洲国家乃至南部与东部非洲国家间的互联互通水平。目前,中坦赞三国已就“早日改造升级坦赞铁路,为其注入活力”达成了共识,王毅外长今年年初访问赞比亚时,曾详细阐述中方对复兴坦赞铁路的思路:通过全面改革坦赞铁路的管理体制、实现铁路与港口的有效衔接、打造铁路沿线产业经济带,使之成为带动赞坦两国以及周边沿线各国加快工业化和农业现代化的“合作之路”和“繁荣之路”;他还表示,中方将再次承担起自己应尽的责任,为坦赞铁路的未来发展做出新的贡献。

至于坦赞铁路升级改造计划的最新进展,驻坦赞铁路中国专家组现任组长苗忠透露,升级改造的技术方案已经成型,但运营模式的改革方案,三国还在继续沟通中。他说:“修复改造计划方面,天津第三铁道勘测设计院已经进行了可研报告,基本形成了技术性报告,也得到坦赞铁路认可。但修复改造后运营模式的改革,现在中坦赞三方准备成立专家技术人员工作组,来共同商讨三方都能接受的、适合坦赞铁路的方案。”

虽然已经多年没有乘坐过坦赞铁路,但对于坦赞铁路的升级改造,卡翁达并不打算袖手旁观。他表示:“坦赞铁路这样的项目能让我们都受益,也能让我们跟中国更有效地互动。让坦赞铁路恢复活力是很重要的。我甚至愿意为坦赞铁路升级改造的事项再次前往中国。”

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