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三次电话 普京与特朗普谈话有何“意味”

2017-05-04 13:42:10   新华社

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俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京与美国总统唐纳德·特朗普2日通电话,白宫和克里姆林宫随后各自发表声明,披露两人谈话内容。

在叙利亚问题上,双方同意加强合作,促成停火,并商定让俄外长与美国务卿加强对话以寻求可行方案。针对朝鲜半岛局势,克里姆林宫说,普京呼吁美方在处理朝鲜半岛问题时保持克制,设法缓解局势紧张状态,双方将协同通过外交手段解决朝鲜半岛问题;白宫的表态则很有特朗普风格:双方谈及如何解决“非常危险”的朝鲜半岛局势。

路透社说,这次通电话是美军4月7日发射导弹打击叙利亚空军基地后美俄缓解关系之举,两人基本敲定,7月二十国集团峰会期间在德国会晤。

针对特朗普1月执政以来美俄领导人第三次通话,中国社科院俄欧亚所俄罗斯外交研究室副主任、研究员李勇慧认为,美俄领导人缓和关系意愿明显,但两国结构性矛盾难以消解。

 以下是李勇慧的解读:

  问:这次通话,是什么起因?

答:两点起因。一是4月7日美军空袭叙利亚空军基地后,同月11日访俄的美国国务卿雷克斯·蒂勒森与俄罗斯外长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫进行了长时间沟通,起到了相互深入了解的作用,为这次通电话打下基础;二是为两国元首会晤创造友善气氛。看得出,双方在努力促成G20峰会期间的元首会晤。可以确定,后续还会有类似的做法。

问:两人第三次谈话,与前两次有何异同?

答:特朗普与普京第三次通话表明,美俄不会放弃任何形式的沟通,双方都在尽可能释放善意,以“衔接”改善关系的动能。从披露的消息看,两人的交谈内容没有什么新意,但这种通电话方式,是在尚未明确双方关系改善时的一种“类机制化”做法,对稳住并缓和美俄关系很重要。

 问:美俄两国对叙利亚立场有何异同?

答:对叙利亚问题,双方同意加强外长协调,讨论了“安全区”以及叙问题和平解决的可能,说明双方对叙利亚问题的重视以及合作的意愿。

问:如何看特朗普执政百日以来的美俄关系以及前景?

答:特朗普执政以来,美俄关系改善进展不大,甚至有转冷的趋势。从特朗普执政以来人事的变动、美国副总统迈克·彭斯在慕尼黑安全会议期间针对俄罗斯的讲话以及美军空袭叙利亚的情况看,美国对俄政策正在清晰化:在全球战略问题上保持竞争、不让步,难以调和双方结构性矛盾。总体看,双方关系的缓和将是缓慢的过程,目前保持着斗而不破的势态。就美方而言,主要原因是特朗普面临强大国内压力,不得不拉开与克里姆林宫的距离,以确保执政稳定性。从长远看,俄美关系在多番调整的努力后,或将逐步回到传统的状态和轨道。(夏文辉)(新华社专特稿)

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