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告别脸谱化 反腐剧抓住观众心

2017-05-02 20:52:08   

原标题:告别脸谱化,反腐剧抓住观众心

《人民的名义》剧照。

从三月底低调开播时的不被看好,到目前CSM31城市收视峰值突破8,鲜有人想到,创造近十年国产剧史最高收视纪录的,竟然是一部反腐剧。截至4月27日上午10时,《人民的名义》微博话题阅读量高达22.3亿,微博电视指数一周阅读次数37.7亿,排名周榜首位;PPTV、芒果TV、腾讯等六大网络平台播放次数已突破210亿。

近日,55集《人民的名义》剧终。即将过去的4月,从一开始就圈粉的正面人物达康书记,到后期被热议的于连式悲剧反派祁厅长,剧中人物以复杂而非脸谱化的表现,抓住了观众的心。

宏观来看,《人民的名义》可以简单分为“清官”与“贪官”两大阵营,清官包括李达康、易学习、侯亮平、沙瑞金、赵东来等,贪官包括赵立春、高育良、祁同伟、刘新建、丁义珍、赵德汉等人。但不管从基层好官到高层清官,还是从小官巨贪到副国级大贪,在同一类型群体的塑造中,几乎每一个角色都尽可能体现出了个性化。

中国传媒大学广播电视艺术学博士戴硕认为,《人民的名义》在人物塑造上达到了反腐剧的新高度,它不再采用清官、贪官的二元划分方法,而是将浓重的笔墨用在了对人性灰色地带的白描中,让更多角色性格立体丰满起来。刻画正派角色的负面纬度与反派角色的内在挣扎相映成趣,成为福斯特在《小说面面观》中所推崇的“圆形人物”,而非“扁平人物”。他也直言:“尽管是一部反腐剧,但《人民的名义》真正落点并不在反腐,还对贪腐背后的政治生态环境进行了入木三分的揭示和批判。”

人性的复杂,在剧中体现得淋漓尽致。李达康和祁同伟两个重要角色都出身贫寒,但截然不同的人生走向被许多观众热议。在剧评人申鹏看来,李达康和祁同伟在现实社会中都可以找到原型,“两个人的区别就是,达康书记有原则和底线,一句‘京州市委书记,不和任何商人做交易’,让多少观众头皮发麻,瞬间膜拜;而祁同伟在惊天一跪之后,灵魂彻底扭曲,对上奴颜婢膝,对下草菅人命,还左右摇摆,毫无立场。”

《人民的名义》中人气最旺的达康书记之所以被这么多观众喜爱,恰恰因为他的不完美。在申鹏眼里,达康书记也有一种害怕,不是像祁同伟害怕失去权力,他是害怕自己再次失败,对不起自己的理想,“金山县修路、吕州改革、林城开发、光明峰项目都是他毕生的事业,他必须做出成就。”不过,李达康性格中的缺陷也同样明显,正如该剧编剧周梅森所说,他霸道总裁一样的行事风格,令他对贪腐下属的贪腐行为毫不知情,对亲人朋友又无情无义。

在大多数角色饱满立体获得观众认可的同时,男一号的侯亮平反而屡屡受到形象“扁平化”的质疑。作为剧中承担了反贪使命的核心人物,当别的角色可以以婚姻不幸起矛盾时,侯亮平的家庭不能出问题;当反面角色可以用心理崩溃呈现性格缺陷时,侯亮平必须时刻冷静自若;甚至还有大段口号式的台词必须从他的口中说出。这种过于完美、不接地气的角色设定,在如今观众的期待视野中似乎并不讨巧。不过,侯亮平的扮演者陆毅说:“他就像黑暗中的一缕阳光,不要因为黑暗久了,就去否定阳光的力量。”

毫无疑问,反腐剧即将迎来一波高潮。在国家新闻出版广电总局网站拍摄制作电视剧备案公示中,已有《非常公诉》《高位》《反贪风暴》《天网行动2015》《悬崖边》《暗涌》《国家行动》等多部反腐作品备案。《人民的名义》之后,反腐剧其实还是有超越的空间,媒体人韩浩月认为,“它们所能展示的反腐力度也许提升空间不大,但剧情上完全可以更加合理化,节奏更紧凑,人物形象也可以更接地气。”

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