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探秘巴西航空工业 小飞机赢得大市场

2017-04-23 13:40:54   国际在线

巴航工业工厂内,天津航空订购的飞机正等待交付。

国际在线消息(中国国际广播电台记者 石晓淼):盘点全球民用飞机制造商,在欧洲空中客车公司和美国波音公司之后,巴西航空工业公司也赫然在列,跻身前三。在120座级以下支线喷气客机市场,巴航工业更成为全球机最大生产商。对于工业和科技基础并不拔尖的巴西,如何凭借小飞机获得国际市场青睐,下面就跟随记者走进巴航工业工厂去一探究竟。

巴航工业总部工厂的交付大厅内,三名来自中国天津航空的技术人员正在核查一架崭新的E195型飞机,这架能够搭载118名乘客的支线客机未来将服务于天航内蒙古航线。

据巴航工业公关部负责人里卡多·多斯桑托斯介绍,巴航工业早在2000年已在北京设立代表处,并曾在哈尔滨组建合资工厂,扎根中国市场,收获了丰硕成果。“以120座级以下飞机为例,巴航工业在中国市场占据了80%的份额,近年来公务机销售也有所增长,所以巴航工业在中国市场存在感较强。”

图为巴航工业制造的公务飞机,装配完成后准备出厂试飞。

走进客户服务中心,电子屏上正实时更新着复杂的技术数据,以监控执飞中的飞机状况。放眼全球,超过1000架由巴航工业制造的支线客机正翱翔于60多个国家的天空,其中不乏美联航、达美、日航以及中国南航、海航的航线。产品获得国际知名航空公司垂青,源于巴航工业精准的市场定位。里卡多讲述道,历史的教训曾告诉巴航工业,市场导向需与技术导向并重,甚至更重。“80年代末研发20座支线飞机失败的案例,令巴航工业意识到只注重技术研发远远不够,更需要深入了解市场的需求,所以,调查分析潜在客户需求成为研发新产品的基础。”

看到航空公司大多面临运力过剩的问题,巴航工业意识到市场发生了变化,遂开始专攻支线飞机开发,从而在与航空巨头的残酷竞争中赢得了生存空间。站稳脚跟后,巴航工业的目光聚焦于细分市场,寻求将产品多样化。目前,巴航工业年产值已突破60亿美元,其中支线客机贡献率为60%,公务机销售占比30%,军用和农用产品稳步向好。在巴航工业21款主要机型中,里卡多特别向记者介绍了一款农业喷洒机。“这款依帕内玛型飞机是用于农业喷洒的机型,它是当今世界上唯一一款100%采用生物燃料的飞机。基于农业喷洒要求的飞行高度不高,使得生物燃料得以在飞行器中应用。”

促进技术更新和自主创新,巴航工业未曾停下脚步,其每年销售收入12%均投入研发,4000名工程师的团队除进行自主研发外,还专门设置了跟踪世界航空科技发展趋势的部门,学习专业文献文章和各大航空工业公司的最新技术动态。

在巴航工业的研发工厂内,新研制的E195二代飞机已经完成装配,进入测试阶段。该机型在飞行自动控制系统和燃油使用效率两方面实现了新突破,预计将于2019年巴航工业庆祝创立50周年之际投入市场。

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