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宁夏中宁“山川共济”冲刺全面小康

2017-04-23 11:30:52   

“过去一年四季都穿一件皮袄,白天穿、晚上盖,下起雨来毛朝外。”4月20日,在位于宁夏中部干旱带上的中宁县大战场镇元丰村,65岁的马志祥侍弄着满屋花草,忆苦思甜般说起从老家彭阳搬迁来之前的岁月。这两年,他盖的新房装上了地暖,一屋子花草四季常青。

宁夏因两句完全相反的话而闻名,一句是“天下黄河富宁夏”,指的是沃野千里的北部引黄灌区,另一句是“苦瘠甲天下”,说的是“十年九旱”的中南部贫困带。而因“中华杞乡”声名远播的中宁县就位于宁夏北部引黄灌区与中南部贫困带的交接处,京藏高速途经中宁鸣沙,路西的富庶繁荣,与路东的贫瘠干渴形成鲜明对比。

马志祥所在的大战场镇是典型的山区,为了更好地“以川济山”,宁夏党委政府一方面实施生态移民,将一些生活在不适宜居住地区的贫困群众易地安置到川区县,另一方面通过区划调整,将原属山区县的喊叫水乡、徐套乡划归中宁县,在地理空间上形成“犬牙交错”“肥瘦相间”的态势。至此,中宁县这个宁夏传统意义上卫宁平原的精华区,成为山地面积占国土面积近一半的“山川相济”县,全县陆续接收各类山区移民15.8万人,占全县总人口的46.3%。

过去作为川区的优势被“稀释”近半,面对巨大的压力,中宁县坚持“山川共济”的脱贫攻坚战略,一方面,推动“产业上山”,围绕“有土”扶持发展枸杞、硒砂瓜、草畜等特色产业,以每个贫困村都有1至两个特色优势产业、每个建档立卡贫困户有1至两个稳定增收产业项目为标准,在31个村精心培育特色优势产业。

记者在徐套乡撒不拉滩移民区看到,由县政府出资建成的50座菇棚一字排开,珧兴生物公司作为技术示范企业,吸纳移民周学莲、马秀莲等边打工边学习,学会后由移民自主经营、实现脱贫。来自安徽的技术员高平告诉记者:“一年3茬,1茬能卖12万元,每个棚净收入十多万元。”

“不怕你们笑话,到2000年的时候,我们全乡镇还只有一部电话。”大战场镇镇干部马占仁说,区划调整使很多移民脱离了原先“宁可苦熬不愿苦干”的文化环境,开始学当地农民种枸杞、做买卖,如今很多家庭一半以上收入来自于枸杞产业。

同时,中宁县委县政府通过职业技能培训等方式引导“移民下山”,围绕“离土”帮助贫困户务工就业。“过去外出打工,活难找、钱难要,如今我们老两口不用出远门就能挣到6000多元。”今年53岁的移民杨彦海每天用电动车载着妻子到附近的源海公司养牛,离土不离乡,回得早还能领着孙子玩一会儿。

政府还有意识地推动工业企业“以工济农”,在中宁工业园区,仅宁夏天元锰业一家企业就吸纳山区员工8800多名,他们的年收入平均达6.5万元。这不仅解决了企业用工难题,还带动近万个贫困家庭实现脱贫。据测算,附近劳务移民安置区的移民收入已由2012年搬迁时的2300元增长到2016年的8900元,增长387%。

数据显示,2016年中宁县贫困地区农民人均可支配收入达到7800元,比上年增长12%。贫困发生率由2015年的12.3%下降到7.6%。

(本报记者王建宏)

原标题:宁夏中宁“山川共济”冲刺全面小康

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