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人兽交互实验上路 探秘疾病使命待解

2017-03-16 15:59:17   

猜想2

为器官移植提供来源?

100%人体细胞器官难培育

目前,全世界有大量的患者急需器官移植,需求量远大于捐赠量。

据统计,中国每年约有150万人因终末期器官功能衰竭需要器官移植。然而,每年仅1万人左右能够得到移植治疗,而且供体与患者的各方面条件也未必匹配,其中2/3的病人可能在没有找到合适的器官前死去。

干细胞,可分化为人体的各种组织器官,这让许多科学家怀有美好愿望:能否利用人兽混合胚胎得到的器官进行器官移植,挽救更多生命?

不过,更多科学家认为这非常遥远。

武汉大学生命科学院教授周荣家曾在接受媒体采访时介绍,从生物学角度来讲,这种“混合器官”中即便人体细胞的含量高达一定比例,可以移植到人体,也很难实现100%人体化,很难培育出完全是人体细胞的器官。

与此同时,尽管科学家们孜孜不倦地增大人体细胞比例、减少动物源细胞所导致的排斥反应,但器官中所含人类细胞的比例再大,排斥反应也无法避免。

利用人兽胚胎进行器官移植的研究仍然是一条漫漫长路,科学家需要面临和解决大量的重大问题,“人兽交互”实验也许仅仅是科学家们迈出的试探性的一小步。

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