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山西圆通快递员野蛮分拣被罚 有助于快递行业规范

2017-05-30 09:55:14   

好好的快递包裹,被快递员野蛮分拣,实在让人气愤。5月26日,记者从太原市邮政管理局获悉,日前,该局在例行执法检查时发现,山西圆通公司在分拣作业时存在抛扔快件的行为,现已对该快递企业开出了今年首张野蛮分拣罚单——2.9万元。

在快递行业诸多弊病中,野蛮分拣无疑是最突出的表现之一。2016年年底,一央视记者应聘位于深圳市的广东全峰物流有限公司,成为一名分拣员。工作期间他发现,不管物品是否易碎,员工们都随意丢放,甚至比谁扔得远,破损的快递还会拆开来分吃里面的食品,而需安检的快递竟然只是表面工作而非真正安检。把快递像垃圾一样扔来扔去,是快递行业亟待整治的乱象。

《快递市场管理办法》第十六条规定:企业分拣作业时,应当按照快件(邮件)的种类、时限分别处理、分区作业、规范操作,并及时录入处理信息,上传网络,不得野蛮分拣,严禁抛扔、踩踏或者以其他方式造成快件(邮件)损毁”。与此同时,法律规定对野蛮分拣行为,给予“一万元以上三万元以下罚款”。野蛮分拣作为快递行业粗放化发展的顽症之一,尽管受到法律的明确规范,却始终难以得到根治,其间的原因值得探析。

如果连分拣都如此野蛮,那就意味着其他流程也很难做到规范化。事实上,野蛮分拣不过是快递行业粗放化发展的缩影,也是亟待规范的现实性要求。在你的快递到手之前,“谁知道经过了什么”。易碎品被摔碎摔烂还算好的,更多的情况则是“死无全尸”——东西被遗失或者丢掉了,谁知道其间有没有内鬼在作祟。2015年,广州市白云区5名快递员工集体偷件,数量高达200多件,他们随意拆开包裹,看到喜欢的就随便拿,不论大小,看到零食就打开,现场分着吃,根本不怕监控录像。

既有连监控都不怕的疯狂偷件行为,野蛮分拣就显得更加无所顾忌。在“力量不足”和“提高效率”的理由下,这一问题始终未能得到解决。

究其原因,一是整个行业缺乏相应的内部约束机制,野蛮分拣往往成为行业习惯或者潜在规则,大家彼此心照不宣。因而,唯有从行业自律的角度出发,强化行业的自我约束力,实行更为严格的行业管理,才是激发内生动力的重要举措。

二是处罚的力度偏轻,无以形成震慑效应。野蛮分拣的内控化意味着,外部很难实现过程式监管。被监管部门发现的可能也存在极大的偶然性,尽管有相应的罚则,不过难以做到“过罚一致”的原则,相比于大量的野蛮分拣现象,被处罚的也仅仅是少数个案。机会成本过大,侥幸心就始终难以消除。再加上“一万元以上三万元以下罚款“的处罚力度明显偏轻,无以形成震慑效应。

三是损坏赔偿的代价太低,倒逼效应不强。由于我国目前缺少统一规范快递业、有效保障快递消费者合法权益的有效法规,既有的部门规章层级和效力太低,约束力不强。再加上对损害赔偿补偿力度不够,存在着天然性的短板,造成消费者权益处于被限制的境地,难以得到真正的保护。之前快递丢失、损毁,快递公司往往依据《邮政法》47条和59条,一般赔偿消费者资费的3-5倍。虽然依据《合同法》可实行等价赔偿,不过举证难和申诉难,也增加了消费者的维权难度。

治理快递行业顽疾,破解野蛮分拣顽症,还得回归于法治的轨道上来。“今年首张野蛮分拣罚单”意味着对野蛮分拣行为的发现、查处,还没有实现常态化,还有待于进一步强化。不过,“首张”也意味着开了一个好头,对个案的惩戒,也能达到惩一儆百的效果,若能持之以恒、久久为功,则行业的规范更加值得期待。

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