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环保部清查京津冀5.6万散乱污企业 死角咋清除?

2017-05-29 10:50:20   央广网

据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道,从4月7日开始环保部在京津冀及周边28个城市,也就是北京、天津及周边26个污染传输通道城市内启动大气污染治理强化督查。近两个月来,强化督查组已经发现存在环境问题的企业近万家,占比接近7成。

梳理环保部每天公布的问题清单,“散乱污”成为其中的高频词,而根据各地初步列明情况,京津冀区域内散乱污企业数量达到5.6万家。哪些企业处于环保部高压处置的“散乱污”企业?为何这些企业此前没有被发现?今后该如何整治?

环保部通报,强化督查目前已完成三个轮次的检查,在京津冀2+26个城市现场检查企业超过14200家,发现存在环境问题企业达到9700家以上,占比接近69%。而其中,“散乱污”企业数目惊人。

根据目前京津冀及周边地区28个城市初步上报的清单,散乱污企业总数可能超过5.6万家。在强化督查中,截至到26日,各督查组共发现“散乱污””企业问题3510个,其中新发现清单外“散乱污”企业655家,还包括多个未上报的“散乱污”企业集群。

清华大学环境学院院长贺克斌解释,与大企业高架排放源相比,散乱污小企业“遍地开花”“四处冒烟”,对本地的污染更加直接,“从排放高度说,散乱污企业排放低,是影响局部的比较多,但是因为无一例外的(京津冀所有城市)都有这个问题,在京津冀区域内是大量存在的。用模型来做源解析,可能散乱污企业和一些中小排放源污染占比已到大比例。”

如何定义“散乱污”企业?环保部环监局局长田为勇给了以下几个标签,工艺落后,不符合产业政策;没有任何治理设施、污染较重;不符合当地规划布局;只有个别经营者受益,严重危害周边群众健康。

田为勇表示,通过此次强化督查,要清查污染“死角”,摸清底数,“散乱污现在仍是各地清查、责令停产、整顿阶段,如果那时候这个企业仍然无法完成改造达标排放,就必须按照京津冀大气污染治理强化方案,严格取缔。”

当前,环保部对存在问题企业数量采取日日通报的原则,从数据上看,在督查启动的近两个月间,现场检查存在环保问题几乎每日都接近70%左右,有时候甚至能“一查一个准”。为何这些企业前期都没有被有效的监管。田为勇解释,在此次督查进行中,依靠热点网格定位、卫星遥感等技术。从前期经验看,污染浓度高的网格区域内一定有排放突出的污染源。如果不是大企业,就有很大可能是散乱污的企业集群。

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