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一滴血可测癌存在误读 专家:夸大其词误导百姓

2017-05-02 05:16:07   

昨日,一篇《重大突破!一滴血可测癌症 已被批准临床使用》的文章火遍网络,文章里提到:“清华大学生命科学学院罗永章团队自主研发出了一种专门检测热休克蛋白90α的试剂盒。患者只需取一滴血,即可用于癌症病情监测和治疗效果评价(注:没说一滴血就可以测出癌症)。”网友纷纷表示:“如果这是真的,那是重大喜讯啊!”

对此,浙江省肿瘤医院苏丹教授表示,“一滴血可测癌症”这种说法不太严谨,过分夸大了肿瘤标志物在肿瘤诊断中的作用,“文章标题会误导老百姓认为靠一滴血就能测出自己是否会患癌症,患哪种癌症。”

全球还没有一个血液标志物

能百分百地诊断肿瘤

苏丹教授认为,通过一些血液肿瘤标志物的检测,的确可以对人体癌变提供指示和判断,可监测肿瘤的进展和预后。但在肿瘤早期诊断方面,这种判断通常需要与传统、经典的检测方法联合应用。

以肺癌为例,低剂量螺旋CT是全球公认、可提高早期肺癌检出率,降低死亡率的经典筛查手段,专业医生会建议肺癌高危人群,如重度吸烟(20包/年)、50-74岁人群,至少一年做一次低剂量螺旋CT。

尽管如此,低剂量螺旋CT有高达96%的假阳性率,也就是96%的肺部结节是良性。如此高的假阳性率,需要有其他辅助方法来克服。如果有类似热休克蛋白90α的肿瘤标志物联合检测,将有助于降低筛查的假阳性率,在一群假的肺癌患者中“揪”出真正的患者。

血液肿瘤标志物检测在肿瘤早期诊断中是“一定角色”而不是“绝对角色”。至今,全球还没有一个血液标志物能百分百地诊断肿瘤。

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