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准妈妈爱喝稀饭结果生出13斤2两“巨婴”

2016-05-18 16:09:20   央广网

大河网讯“因为王女士在孕期爱喝稀饭,生产时婴儿的体重竟达到了13斤2两。”5月17日,大河网记者从郑州人民医院了解到,该院最近诞生了一个今年以来最重的宝宝,足足有13斤2两重,产科副主任刘伟靓表示,产妇怀孕期间爱喝稀饭引起血糖过高是生下超重宝宝的主要原因之一。

王女士平时特别爱喝大米稀饭,怀孕后更是一天三顿都离不开稀饭。生产前,她的体重比孕前增加了20公斤,还患上了妊娠期糖尿病。

由于王女士没有定期参加围保,没有接受到医生的合理指导,大量喝稀饭导致她血糖一直偏高。等到足月的时候,她不但患上了妊娠期糖尿病,而且婴儿过大,所以导致医生只能为她选择剖宫产。

刘伟靓解释,干饭和稀饭原料同为大米,但由于大米烹饪成稀饭后,淀粉结构发生变化,许多大分子淀粉水解成糊精或麦芽糖,二者在消化中很容易被酶水解成葡萄糖而被迅速吸收,导致食用者血糖在短时间内升高。

刘伟靓介绍,像王女士这样,在怀孕期间吃太多,导致宝宝超重,或者自己体重增长过快的准妈妈,每个月都能碰到很多。导致巨大儿的原因有很多,目前比较常见的原因有营养过剩、妊娠糖尿病和遗传等因素。

“巨大儿会导致生产时间过长,有可能使孩子出现神经瘫痪、缺血缺氧性脑病、宫内窒息、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征等疾病;孕期在妈妈体内也容易发生并且在长大后患肥胖症的几率也较大,将成为糖尿病、高血压等多种疾病的易患人群。对孕产妇来说,巨大儿生产时容易导致产道撕裂、产后出血等情况。”刘伟靓提醒,想要避免孕育出“巨大儿”,除了按时作糖耐量检查,还要合理膳食、适当运动,定期产检。

相关链接:6大高危因素催生巨大儿

糖尿病孕妇巨大胎儿发生率为26%,而无糖尿病孕妇仅为5%-8%。

孕妇营养过剩、肥胖、体重过重等。

身材高大父母巨大儿发生率高。

巨大胎儿多见于经产妇。有资料报道,胎儿体重随分娩次数增加而增加。

少数过期妊娠胎盘功能正常,胎儿体重随孕期延长而增加,过期妊娠巨大儿发生率较足月妊娠增加3-7倍,肩难产发生率增加2倍。

羊水过多孕妇巨大儿发生率高。

医生建议:准妈妈吃果不能贪多

很多人认为,生一个肥肥胖胖的宝宝是件幸福的事,为此,要求准妈妈在怀孕时要进补,吃好睡好,在怀孕期间毫无节制进食,这是不对的。据世界卫生组织提供的数据,健康新生婴儿的平均体重应在3.2公斤左右。

“孕期不注意控制饮食,当心生出巨大儿,我们不提倡孕妇生巨大儿。”龙俊清说,准妈妈在孕期应严格控制体重,避免营养过剩,导致胎儿过大;应在医生指导下,根据自己的身体状况设计合理科学的营养食谱;做些适量的运动,控制孕期体重的增长速度。有肥胖、糖尿病家族史的孕妇,妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压、高脂血症、胎儿发育偏大、偏小等症状的孕妇,都可以到医院产科营养门诊咨询。

适当补充孕期所需的食物和营养,保证蛋白、维生素、矿物质、微量元素的摄入即可,没有必要大补特补。另外,孕妇应适度参加活动,不要整天待在家里坐着或躺着。田矛也提醒,现在有些孕妇特别喜欢吃水果,可是水果吃多了也不是件好事,准妈妈们吃水果也不要“放肆”吃哦,血糖高的时候尽量不选择水果,可吃少量生黄瓜和生西红柿;如果血糖稳定,可以选择一些低糖分的水果,如橙子、猕猴桃、桃子等;尽量避免一些高糖分水果的摄入,如桂圆、荔枝、甘蔗、火龙果、葡萄等。建议准妈妈一天吃一个苹果就够了。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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