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为民理念贯穿始终

2018-05-27 21:31:11   中国网

近日,中办、国办印发《关于深入推进审批服务便民化的指导意见》(以下简称《指导意见》),对深入推进审批服务便民化工作作出部署。“这项改革举措可以说是将以人民为中心的发展思想贯穿到审批服务便民化的全过程,让群众在生产生活中得到实实在在的获得感。”中共中央党校(国家行政学院)教授宋世明接受本报记者专访时说。

让群众感到实实在在的方便

宋世明认为,《指导意见》是当下深化党和国家机构改革新形势下推动转职能、转方式、转作风的重要着力点。深入推进审批服务便民化,就是要以更快更好方便企业群众办事创业为导向,围绕直接面向企业群众、依申请办理的行政审批和公共服务事项,推动审批服务理念、制度、作风全方位深层次变革,着力解决企业、群众反映突出的“办事难、办事慢”“多头跑、来回跑”等问题。

在宋世明看来,审批服务便民化改革应当聚焦影响企业群众办事创业的堵点痛点,着力破除审批服务中的体制机制障碍,最大限度降低制度性交易成本,方便群众企业办事创业。“如何继续深入推进改革?那就得将以人民为中心的发展思想贯穿到审批服务便民化的全过程,让人民群众成为改革进程的推动者、改革结果的受益者,让群众在审批办事中感受到实实在在的方便。”宋世明说。

宋世明认为,深入推进审批服务便民化,要把推广地方典型经验同推动面上改革结合起来。近年来,各地区各部门认真贯彻中央决策部署,扎实推进转变职能,深化简政放权,积累了丰富的实践经验,如“最多跑一次”“不见面审批”等,但各地改革进展不太平衡,一些好的经验还没能在面上推开,亟须中央的统一指导。《指导意见》既是推广地方典型经验的文件,也是中央对地方继续深化改革的统一指导意见。

审批服务改革出实招见实效

“《指导意见》提出,以省为单位公布各层级政府‘马上办、网上办、就近办、一次办’审批服务事项目录,2018年10月底前实现全覆盖。这是以人民为中心的发展思想在清单管理制度中的具体运用。”宋世明认为,相比公布政府权责清单和公共服务清单,上述“四办”目录清单与企业群众切身利益关系更直接。值得注意的是,“四办”是以企业群众办成办好一件事为标准,而不是以办好一个环节为标准,这就把政府部门审批服务好坏的评判权直接交给了企业群众,对政府部门形成了倒逼机制。

对于深入推进审批服务标准化,宋世明认为,这是向所有行政相对人提供无差别的便利化审批服务的必要条件。“四减”是前提,即继续减环节、减材料、减时限、减费用;科学细化量化审批服务环节,即实现受理要件、审查环节、审批依据等重要环节标准化是关键。特别是不动产登记等面广量大的民生事务,以及企业建设工程审批等影响营商环境的“软肋”,将是优化重点。

宋世明说,近年来,“人在证途”饱受诟病,各种“奇葩”证明成为笑柄。持续开展“减证便民”行动,实现六个“一律取消”,在本质上就是要实现从立足于部门管理方便到立足于企业群众办事创业方便的彻底转变。政务信息共享等举措,则是避免“奇葩”证明的釜底抽薪之举,也是改革的难点。

大力推行审批服务集中办理,以及着力提升“互联网+政务服务”水平,都是消除“审批乱”症结、提高审批服务效能的关键举措。同时,《指导意见》提出创新便民利企审批服务方式。在宋世明看来,以协同共治为主线创新便民利企审批服务方式,是许多地方政府卓有成效的经验做法。如全面推动在建设工程领域实行联合勘验、联合审图、联合测绘、联合验收,实行企业投资项目“多评合一”,并联审批等举措,都将有助于提升政府治理效能,方便企业办事。

关于深化行政审批中介服务改革,宋世明认为,对一些复杂的审批事项,脱离不了中介服务。2013年以来,在规范行政审批的政府行为方面已有实质性进展,目前已到了同步优化政府服务与中介服务的阶段。最关键的是,推进中介服务机构与主管部门脱钩,切断两者之间的利益关联,这是进一步减少不必要行政审批中介服务事项、破解中介服务垄断、强化对中介服务监管的关键。

“审批服务便民化不是放任不管,需要加强事中事后监管。在政府、企业、社会之间重新配置监管责任,是最基础的实招。放管并重、放管结合方面还需要下大力气才行,《指导意见》对此也给出了明确的任务。”宋世明说。

推进部门政务信息联通共用

对于如何落实改革任务,宋世明认为,应以深化党和国家机构改革为契机,中央与地方协同行动,形成推进部门政务信息联通共用的“破竹之势”。“能否真的打破数据壁垒,是《指导意见》能否开花结果的关键因素。”宋世明表示,打破“信息孤岛”的呼声很高,且由来已久,但在实践层面却久攻不破,“当下,应充分运用最新一轮大规模机构改革之势,抓住这次打破‘信息孤岛’的难得机遇。”

宋世明表示,各级地方政府应找准自身在“放管服”改革推进中的方位,明确自身改革“短板”“软肋”,有的放矢推进审批服务便民化。“不难看出,《指导意见》是国内先进经验的集成与普及,带有以点促面的鲜明色彩。有的地方在不动产登记方面的便利化举措很多,但对探索企业建设项目投资许可方面乏善可陈;有的地方在相对独立集中行政许可权试点方面走在了全国前列,但‘互联网+政务服务’方面实现程度相对较低;有的地方‘放管服’改革全面推进,但改革总体方面还达不到国内平均水平。”宋世明说,各地必须先补齐短板,平衡发展,前期改革经验比较充足的省份,则应以省为单位进行集成创新,形成企业群众公认的审批服务便民化可推广经验。

宋世明建议,以具体落实以人民为中心的发展思想、建设服务型政府为统领,以推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化为导向,以更好地方便企业群众办事创业为着力点,事前充分运用国家强制性标准确保宽进;事中事后,不仅要严管,更要实现“善管”,充分运用大数据时代的新管理方式,实现政务服务智能化,这将是深入推进审批服务便民化的有效途径。

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