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“桑吉”轮沉没海洋生态环境受影响 事故或因疏于瞭望

2018-01-15 11:05:23   中国新闻网

中新网客户端1月15日电 综合消息,1月6日,巴拿马籍油船“桑吉”轮与香港籍散货船“长峰水晶”轮在长江口以东发生碰撞。燃烧8天后,“桑吉”号于14日沉没,32名船员中3人确定遇难,29人下落不明,此外,大量油污在其周边海面燃烧,海洋生态环境受到一定影响。而对于此次事故发生的原因,有专家表示,在瞭望上极可能存在疏忽。

资料图:12日上午10时25分,现场灭火作业第三次启动,画面中“东海救117”轮向“桑吉”轮喷射泡沫降温灭火。上海海上搜救中心供图

巴拿马籍油船在东海海域碰撞起火 中方全力组织施救

2018年1月6日20时许,巴拿马籍油船“桑吉”轮与香港籍散货船“长峰水晶”轮在长江口以东约160海里处发生碰撞。事故造成油船“桑吉”轮全船失火,船舶右倾,船员失联;散货船“长峰水晶”轮有破损,不危及船舶安全,21名船员已被安全救起。

据悉,巴拿马籍油船“桑吉”轮隶属伊朗光辉海运有限公司,船长274米,载凝析油约13.6万吨,由伊朗驶往韩国,32名船员中伊朗籍30人,孟加拉籍2人。

事故发生后,外交部在答记者问时表示,中国政府对此高度重视,已经派出多艘搜救船只到现场进行搜救,也已派出清污船只赶往现场,防止发生次生灾害。交通运输部成立应急工作小组,全面开展应急指挥、人员搜救、船舶救助、事故调查等工作。上海海事局在“桑吉”轮周围划定10海里半径范围避航区,并发布航行警告,避免过往船舶误入引发次生事故。

资料图:爆燃现场。图片来源:上海海事局官方微博。

事故轮船爆燃沉没 29名船员仍失联黑匣子被带回

8日10时44分,东海救117轮发现,在“桑吉”轮西北方向两海里处,发现一具遗体,疑似失事船员。难船上救生艇有释放的痕迹。此外,中国救援人员多次接近事故船只,近距离实施搜救和灭火作业。其中,在1月10日和11日的作业过程中,“桑吉”轮均发生剧烈爆燃,迫使作业船舶后撤。

1月13日,上海打捞局“深潜号”专业救助打捞船逐步向“桑吉”轮船尾靠近。救助人员在“桑吉”轮救生艇甲板发现两具遇难船员遗体。随后,救助人员进入船舶驾驶台,未发现其他遇险船员。救助人员取下“桑吉”轮的黑匣子后,试图进入一层生活舱,经随身携带设备检测,生活舱内温度高达89摄氏度,救助人员无法进入。

1月14日12时左右,“桑吉”轮突然发生爆燃,船头疑似塌陷,船舶向右倾斜25゜左右,全船剧烈燃烧,火焰达到800至1000米左右,13时45分左右,“桑吉”轮全部被浓烟笼罩,看不清船形。16时45分,难船“桑吉”轮雷达反射信号消失。交通运输部微信公众号发布消息称,经确认,16时45分,“桑吉”轮已经沉没。

资料图:爆燃现场。图片来源:交通运输部微信公众号。

大量油污在海面燃烧 海洋生态环境受影响

中国国家海洋局14日晚间发布消息说,监测显示,14日15时许,“桑吉”轮船体沉没,大量油污在其周边海面燃烧,火海周边有长约10公里、宽约1公里油污带,海洋生态环境受到一定影响。

有媒体报道称,扬州工业职业技术学院石油工程教授李发印说,“桑吉”轮泄漏的13.6万吨凝析油,相当于1400个一级加油站的存量,浮在海上处于燃烧状态。“本次事故燃烧产生的废气,相当于我国年汽车尾气总量的千分之一,由于集中于事故区域,其危害性还是相当严重的。”

常州大学石油工程学院黄维秋教授认为,救援过程中应密切注意事发周边区域的气象预报和卫星云图,做好应急准备及相关预防措施。同时,及时调运油污防御物资及回收物资,对于流散或燃烧余留的油品围栏并回收处理。

“对于此类的泄漏事件,要采用多种方法的混合处理。有一些微孔结构丰富、表面积大、密度比水小的高性能吸附材料,可用来吸附回收泄漏的凝析油。还有一种高分子的分散剂,像家用洗洁精一样,散撒到浮油表面,可对浮油进行分解。也有一些机械式油水分离装置,但对于这种大面积污水处理,难度较大。”黄维秋说。

专家分析东海撞船事故:可能疏于瞭望

对于东海撞船事故,浙江交通职业技术学院海运学院的老师柴旭涛在接受钱江晚报采访时表示,他认为这个事故在瞭望上极可能存在疏忽。“这么大的船,就是眼睛也能看得到啊。”

再者,船上都装有先进的电子设备,比如雷达、电子海图等,“船长会设置一个警报圈,一般是6海里,也就是说,一旦有船闯进6海里了,就会自动发出警报。”但在中国沿海等来往船舶频繁海域,往往会关掉警报。

一般在有“碰撞危险”的船舶会遇前,按照“国际避碰规则”会各自向右,保持2海里(1海里=1852米)外通过,附近有碍航物或有疑问的话,两艘船上的驾驶员会通过VHF(船用甚高频)进行沟通,商量各自采取什么样的动作使船舶在安全距离外通过。

“如果双方沟通上出现了问题或者障碍,也会引起碰撞。”他说。

“另外,图片上两艘船撞得这么厉害,说明当时的航速还是比较高的。”他说,因为船很笨重,要掉头或者转向,需要很长一段时间,不像汽车那么灵活,所以如果发现晚了,就会来不及避让撞上。

“当然,现在事故的过程还没公布,还不好做具体的结论,需要更多的了解。”他说。

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