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苹果手机人为降速是否侵权?专家:侵害用户知情权选择权等

2017-12-28 10:10:20   中国青年网

刚买一两年的苹果手机,用着用着就越来越慢甚至卡顿死机,这是不少苹果消费者遇到过的问题。近日,苹果公司对此作出声明,承认确实在用户不知情的情况下,有意让老款机型处理器降频运行,目的是保护手机硬件。众多消费者对此并不买账,认为苹果公司擅自干涉用户的设备,属于侵权行为。还有消费者质疑,苹果公司这么做到底是保护旧款手机,还是有意让消费者买新品?

在乌克兰发售的IPhone手机。视觉中国 图是否侵犯了用户的知情权?

苹果公司在近期作出的声明中表示,其做法完全是为了用户着想,如果手机CPU还保持以前的性能,那么由于锂电池的固有缺陷,电池会显得不耐用,所以这么做是为了保护电池、保护手机硬件,防止手机自动关机。

即便苹果公司这样做有着其声称的正当目的,但是私自将老款苹果手机处理器的速度调慢,这对消费者是否公平?是否侵犯了消费者的相关权益?

据媒体报道,日前,五名苹果手机用户向芝加哥联邦法院提交了起诉书,指控苹果公司隐瞒了本应公开的信息,并表示如果苹果公司提前说明只需要更换电池就可以让他们的老款手机速度更快,那么他们就不会去花更多钱买新款苹果手机。

“我国消费者权益保护法规定了消费者‘九大权利’,首要的就是知情权,没有知情权就无从作选择,没有选择权,更谈不上公平交易权。”中国人民大学商法研究所所长、法学院教授刘俊海表示,苹果公司有信息披露义务,任何对手机的技术处理都应对消费者作事先告知。中国政法大学民法研究所副所长、民商经济法学院教授刘智慧也指出,苹果公司在没有进行任何信息提示的情况下就在旧款手机上使用“人为减慢手机速度”的技术,哪怕其目的是为了避免手机电池老化而引起意外破坏性关机,也涉嫌侵犯用户的知情权。

是否违反了买卖合同?

苹果公司一直声称其核心竞争力在于“用户体验”,那么消费者购买苹果手机这一买卖合同的标的物,是仅仅限于苹果手机这个物件本身,还是应当也包括使用寿命在内的高性能体验?

“尽管在苹果手机的买卖合同中没作明确的约定,但从消费者对于手机的选择和需求习惯看,消费者购买苹果手机,就应当视为也购买了相应使用寿命内的高性能体验。但是消费者的权益即便包括所应享受的高性能体验,苹果公司的做法也不一定能认定为违反了买卖合同,因为这涉及对高性能体验的具体参数标准的制定和解释,而买卖合同并未对高性能体验的标准作出明确规定。”刘智慧表示,如果说“将用户体验做到极致”只是苹果公司的广告宣传口号,高性能体验没有成为一项具体可执行的合同标准,那么从法律上来看,苹果公司的确没有违反买卖合同,但是至少违背了诚实信用原则。

谁来决定保持高性能还是保护电池?

有的消费者看重电池续航,有的消费者看重手机运行速度,那么在苹果公司所指出的保持手机高性能和电池续航不可兼得的情况下,是不是应该由消费者来作出选择,到底是降低手机性能还是去更换电池?

“选择权当然属于消费者,作为商家的苹果公司不应当代替消费者作出选择。”刘俊海说,正因为知情权没得到保护,所以导致选择权也无从行使,如果消费者知情,那就能根据其偏好,在降速运行延长电池寿命和更换电池保持高性能之间作出选择。

“不尊重消费者选择权,还会导致侵害消费者公平交易权。”刘俊海表示,在新款手机发布后,老款手机的性能降下来了,会让消费者误认为毛病出在手机上,而不是电池上,从而花好几千元去买新手机,而消费者本可以只花几百元换电池。

刘俊海同时指出,在消费者不知情的情况下,苹果公司以“为用户着想”擅自干涉消费者的手机运行速度,是严重侵权行为。

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