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二线城市抢人大战瞄准应届大学生 送房送钱送户口

2017-10-20 08:48:42   


原标题:二线城市“抢人大战”:大招频出瞄准800万应届生

“送房”“送钱”“送户口”大招实招频出

瞄准800万应届生 二线城市“抢人大战”提前上演

《经济参考报》记者获悉,随着2018年秋招拉开序幕,近期包括武汉、南京、成都、长沙、西安等十多个城市相继出台应届生就业优惠政策,“抢人大战”提前开启。二线城市有望成为应届大学生就业创业首选。

记者梳理相关政策发现,今年更多二线城市的留人政策不再仅仅局限于高端技术人才,而是把目光瞄准近800万大学毕业生。政策着力点也放在了毕业生最为关心的户口、住房、创业扶持等多种实际需求上,“零门槛”落户、购房租房优惠、现金补助等措施基本成为“标配”。

户口方面,相比户口指标收紧的京沪等一线城市,二线城市纷纷敞开大门。例如长沙市未来五年计划吸引储备100万名青年人才创业就业,实行高校毕业生“零门槛”落户;成都市发布的《成都实施人才优先发展战略行动计划》明确鼓励青年人才落户,在本市同一用人单位工作两年及以上的技能人才,可凭单位推荐、部门认定办理落户手续。

如果说户口带来的是一些隐性福利,那么,不少城市为招揽人才开出的各种优惠可以说是“真金白银”。

在北上广深等一线城市房价高企的背景下,二线城市为了吸引人才,纷纷推出以房留人政策。今年初,武汉宣布“百万大学生留汉创业就业工程”,计划五年内留住100万名大学生,在10月11日发布的《关于加强大学毕业生安居保障的实施意见》中提到,将提供首批大学生人才公寓3600余套,今后每年将建设和筹集50万平方米以上的人才公寓,五年内满足20万人的租住需求。同时,意见还提出争取让大学生以低于市场价20%的价格买到房子。

长沙则推出了毕业生购房补贴政策,对新落户并在长沙工作的博士、硕士、本科生等全日制高校毕业生,两年内分别发放每年1.5万元、1万元、0.6万元租房和生活补贴,博士、硕士毕业生在长沙工作并首次购房的,分别给予六万元、三万元购房补贴。

除购房优惠外,多地还出台多项补贴项目,在当地就业并缴纳社保即可获得见习补贴、技能等级补贴、培训补贴等。

以杭州为例,今年出台的《杭州市新引进应届高学历毕业生生活补贴发放实施办法》中规定,毕业后一年内在该市用人单位就业或自主创业,硕士研究生每人补贴两万元,博士研究生每人补贴三万元,申请时限为自毕业之日起一年内,一次性发放。

官方数据显示,从2001年开始,中国普通高校毕业生人数一路上升。2001年,全国高校毕业生人数为114万,到2017年的16年间,毕业生人数增长了681万。根据相关机构预测,2018届毕业生人数可能超过810万。

值得一提的是,二线城市对于应届生的吸引力正在不断增强。

智联猎聘发布的调研报告显示,2017年应届毕业生签约二线城市比例与北京、上海、广州、深圳持平,而希望在二线城市就业的比例高达37.5%,高于一线城市的29.9%。从流入数据来看,一些二线城市更是不逊一线,其中,杭州人才流入率高达11.78%成为“领跑者”。

对于今年提前上演的“抢人大战”,专家指出,人才从特大城市流向二线城市,可以优化国家人才配置,促进中、小城市更好地发展。

社科院财经战略研究院城市与房地产经济研究室副主任刘彦平表示,二线城市加大人才吸引力度,与国家推动创新驱动转型和创新创业有关,人才就是从要素驱动向创新驱动的核心资源,所以成为城市“必争之地”。

不过,刘彦平也指出,二线城市如果希望长期持续吸引人才,除给予户口、住房、补贴等优惠政策,还要做好两件事。一是抓好产业发展,扩大经济体量;二是排除制度性因素的干扰。

中国宏观经济研究院研究员金瑞庭也认为,当前城市间的竞争力表面上来看是源于高层次创新人才的集聚,但源头上却体现的是制度的优劣、市场竞争环境的好坏以及新兴产业发展空间的大小。

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