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美退出教科文组织 因其具有反以色列立场需要变革

2017-10-14 15:15:05   

资料图:位于巴黎的联合国教科文组织总部(图源:德国之声电台网站)

德媒称,联合国教科文组织近年来围绕巴勒斯坦作出的一系列决定,遭到以色列以及西方国家内犹太团体的强烈反对。12日,美国与以色列分别宣布退出这一组织。

据德国之声电台网站10月12日报道,以色列总理内塔尼亚胡指示该国外交部为退出联合国教科文组织做好准备。同一天早些时候,美国国务院已经宣布退出联合国教科文组织,并认为该组织越来越具有“反以色列立场”,因此需要“彻底的变革”。美国国务卿蒂勒森通过官方渠道向教科文组织总干事通报了这一决定,该决定将于2018年底生效。此后美国将保留该组织观察员身份,以保持影响力。

以色列总理办公室发布的一份声明中指出,内塔尼亚胡对美国政府退出的决定表示欢迎。

报道称,联合国教科文组织总干事博科娃对美以两国的退出表示强烈遗憾。她说,这是“联合国大家庭以及多元文化的重大损失”。

近年来,总部位于巴黎的联合国教科文组织多次被牵涉到有关中东问题的争执中。2011年,该组织接纳巴勒斯坦为会员,美国方面强烈反对,华盛顿甚至还停止向教科文组织缴纳会员费;而以色列方面也曾多次削减缴纳会费金额,导致该组织预算规模缩水了1/5。2017年夏天,教科文组织将犹太教中仅次于耶路撒冷的圣城希伯伦宣布为巴勒斯坦的世界文化遗产,再次引起了以色列方面的强烈抗议。

报道称,美国曾经在1984年退出过教科文组织,当时的里根政府认为,该组织经营不善,且持反美立场。直到2002年,布什政府才宣布美国重返联合国教科文组织。

报道称,美以两国宣布退出后,许多国家政府都对此表态。法国驻联合国大使德拉特说,联合国教科文组织的理念是“美国基因的一部分”,“我们需要一个继续参与世界事务的美国”。德国联邦政府文化国务秘书格吕特斯(Grütters)则认为,美国和以色列的这一决定“传递了一个完全错误的信号”。

俄罗斯驻教科文组织副代表德夫伽连科(Dovgalenko)则说:“作为联合国创始国的美国离开教科文组织,这令人感到震惊和惋惜。”不过,德夫伽连科并不认为这会导致组织内出现权力真空:“比如我们俄罗斯,还有中国,已经在教科文组织具有相当的影响力。”

责任编辑:孙鑫鑫 CN066
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