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售电行业出路:多元融合发展

2017-09-15 06:51:43   中国经济网

新一轮电力体制改革开展以来,大量售电公司如雨后春笋般涌现出来。然而,在市场尚未全部放开的情况下,中小独立售电公司既没有电源又没有客户,在竞争中处于劣势。专家认为,未来售电公司应定位于用电需求侧多元化能源服务商,售电与用电服务融合发展将是未来售电公司的经营之道

“注册公司近万家,有实质业务的不足1%。”近日,有媒体报道称,新电改开启以来,虽然售电公司如雨后春笋般不断成立,但是其中占据绝大多数的独立售电公司,由于不具备足够的竞争力,将面临被市场淘汰的命运。对此,业内人士认为,在电力市场尚未全面市场化的情况下,中小独立售电公司几无可能与背靠电网、发电企业或用户资源的售电公司竞争。

万亿售电市场待“开垦”

2015年初,国务院下发《关于进一步深化电力体制改革的若干意见》,拉开了新一轮电力体制改革大幕。其中,有序向社会资本放开配售电业务成为此轮新电改的重点内容。

2015年底,国家发展改革委和国家能源局发布《关于推进售电侧改革的实施意见》,明确电网公司、发电公司及其他社会资本均可投资成立售电公司,甚至个人也可以投资成立售电公司,只要符合售电公司准入条件即可。这大大降低了售电公司的准入门槛。

与此同时,售电市场规模巨大,具备足够的吸引力。国家能源局数据显示,2016年我国全社会用电量为59198亿千瓦时,根据售电市场全国平均销售电价0.492元/千瓦时测算,全国售电市场容量为2.91万亿元。另据《电力发展“十三五”规划》预期,2020年全社会用电量6.8万亿千瓦时至7.2万亿千瓦时,年均增长3.6%至4.8%,这意味着售电市场容量还有巨大的增长空间。

相关文件发布后,在政策和市场的双重利好下,售电公司如雨后春笋般涌现,为电力交易市场带来了一片生机。“广东是全国首个允许售电公司参与竞争交易的省份,这是售电领域供给侧结构性改革的重要探索。”南方电网公司副总经理杨晋柏说,售电公司参与交易,让市场主体迅速增加,市场规模持续快速增长。

公开资料显示,目前全国注册售电公司有近8000家,在电力交易中心公示的有1000多家,国电电力、科陆电子、比亚迪、漳泽电力等超过20家上市公司进入售电市场。

广东省作为全国首个允许售电公司参与竞争交易的省份,在相对完备的市场规则框架及售电公司积极参与下,其电力市场发展迅猛。广东电力交易中心8月发布的《广东电力市场2017年半年报告》显示,截至2017年6月底,广东电力市场准入售电公司332家,同比增长118%;售电公司获利6.21亿元,盈利售电公司个数占比不断提高。

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