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李伟:我国创新要素配置不合理 资金过多流向房地产

2017-09-14 08:11:23   中国经济网

  经济日报-中国经济网编者按:9月13日,2017北京CBD国际论坛举行。国务院发展研究中心主任李伟在论坛上发表题为《加快新旧动能转换,推动经济转型升级》的主旨演讲指出,我国在创新动力和能力方面,还面临不少制约和障碍,如企业受制过多、知识产权保护不力、竞争环境不公平没有足够的创新意愿;还如:创新要素宏观配置不合理,人才因行业间收入差距过大、资本因行业间投资回报格局不合理,而过多流向金融、房地产等行业,使得制造业等实体经济的创新能力提升缓慢等等。他强调,要消除这些矛盾和问题,形成有利于创新动力和能力不断增强的制度环境,必须通过深化改革。以下为全文。

加快新旧动能转换,推动经济转型升级

  ——在2017北京CBD国际论坛上的主旨演讲

(2017年9月13日,北京)

国务院发展研究中心主任、研究员 李伟

当前,我国正处于全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段和中国特色社会主义发展的关键时期。加快新旧动能转换,推动经济转型升级,是顺利完成第一个百年奋斗目标的根本途径,也是为实现第二个百年奋斗目标奠定更雄厚、更强大物质基础的根本需要。在这个时候,举办2017北京CBD国际论坛,研讨新旧动能转换和经济转型升级等问题,很有现实意义。在此,我代表国务院发展研究中心,对论坛的成功举办表示热烈祝贺!

在此,我想就新旧动能转换和经济转型升级话题谈几点看法,供大家参考。

第一,加快新旧动能转换不仅是为实现经济新一轮的较快增长,更是为创造可持续发展的未来。

近几年来,在中央一系列宏观调控政策和结构政策的支持下,中国经济保持了平稳较快的增长。今年上半年GDP增长6.9%,比去年同期高0.2个百分点。然而,从实现经济健康持续较快增长的需要出发,培育增长新动能,加快新旧动能转换,依然是任重道远。一方面,国际贸易和主要经济体虽然已经呈现恢复性增长,但是全球经济和国际贸易形成持续健康较快增长的格局还需要相当长的时间。要推动我国经济较快增长,在坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线的同时,还要适度扩大总需求并提高有效性,而扩大总需求应该把内需市场的开拓作为重中之重,使内需成为新阶段经济增长的强大动力。另一方面,我国短期宏观调控政策的空间在收缩,实现经济较快增长,需要重构经济增长的动力机制。同时,还要看到,加快新旧动能转换绝不仅仅是为了实现经济较快增长,更重要的是为了引领新常态,进而实现经济发展方式的历史性转变。理想的发展方式,是有利于生产要素的优化配置和高效使用、有利于减轻资源环境压力、有利于形成更具国际竞争力的产业结构、有利于奠定可持续发展的基础。我们面对资源环境压力日益加重的现实,面对人口老龄化、高等教育普及化等带来的劳动力市场供需的结构性矛盾,面对国际竞争格局出现的新变化,重要而迫切的任务就是加快新旧动能转换,形成与发展阶段相适应的一二三次产业结构关系,提高产业的技术水平和附加值率,提升我国在国际产业分工中的地位,为中国经济健康可持续发展创造条件。

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