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人工智能企业表面拼技术,实则拼人才

2017-09-12 09:42:31   中国经济网

近几年,随着互联网、物联网、云计算、大数据、并行计算等相关技术的成批成熟,人工智能技术也在原始的积累下快速发展,并不断成熟。全球范围内,正迎来新一轮创新变革,人工智能开始从实验室走进人类生产生活,进入一个与以往显著不同的创新发展阶段。

今年7月,国务院印发了《新一代人工智能发展规划》(以下简称《规划》),国家战略的制定,标志着人工智能成为国际竞争的新焦点。人工智能是引领未来的战略性技术,世界主要发达国家把发展人工智能作为提升国家竞争力、维护国家安全的重大战略,加紧出台规划和政策,围绕核心技术、顶尖人才、标准规范等强化部署,力图在新一轮国际科技竞争中掌握主导权。

而诸多要素中,人才是最核心的一环。人工智能的竞争,本质就是人才的竞争。

全球的人工智能人才刚需饥渴而供给不足,2017年6日,全球职场社交平台LinkedIn 发布的《全球AI领域人才报告》显示全球人工智能(AI)人才需求三年翻8倍,从业者达190万,拥有十年以上从业经验的人才占比达65.4%。

在中国,人工智能人才数量和质量都跟不上行业发展。在AI研究上面,中国缺乏最顶级研究性的人才,真正意义上能够指导推动整个行业的人才非常稀缺。与在人工智能领域积淀60余年的美国相比,美国拥有完整的人才梯队,而中国的基础层人才储备和热点领域的人才储备方面都还处于补漏阶段,产业人才总量进展到美国的一半。在人才结构方面,中国资深人工智能人才数量与美国差距明显,十年从业者仅占38.7%,远低于美国的71.5%,从数量上看,则为美国的三十分之一。

高端人才队伍建设作为人工智能发展的重中之重,怎样的人才培养策略才能为产业和企业开辟有源活水?

一方面,人工智能来到了商业和资本的风口浪尖,在当下的人才缺口中,获得人才才是赢得这场持久战第一次战役的筹码。企业的人才策略主要包含数量和质量两个方面,吸引多少人才并赋予他们什么样的职能决定着公司的人才战略。BATJ等龙头企业纷纷展开掠夺式角逐,阿里巴巴从美国西雅图挖来了亚马逊级别最高的华人科学家任小枫,进入该公司人工智能研发核心团队。百度、滴滴等国内互联网企业以设立研究院的形式,杀入美国高科技中心“硅谷”和谷歌、亚马逊、微软等企业掀起AI人才激烈的争夺战。创业型公司也通过精英型战略跑马圈地。各创业公司以高薪酬高福利为诱饵吸引人才,机器学习、大数据建模等领域的金融科技人才受到热捧。其中尤以人工智能人才最为稀缺,年薪百万是起步价,相对成熟的人工智能人才拿到上百万美元的薪酬亦属普遍。当然,抢人的也不仅仅是中国公司,日前,苹果的两则招聘信息也显示,该公司已经在竞争对手亚马逊的大本营西雅图建立了一个高级Siri研发团队。

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