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面临运营和变现双重难题 短视频内容创业“背靠大树好乘凉”

2017-09-11 07:11:38   中国经济网

近年来,逐渐升温的短视频已成为内容创业最大风口,但大多数创作者却面临运营和变现的双重难题。为了生存,短视频创作者一方面在商业化方面抱团取暖,向更贴近广告主的垂直内容发力;另一方面争取获得阿里、腾讯这些巨头的青睐,“背靠大树好乘凉”

在9月6日举行的第九届中国网络视听产业论坛上,阿里巴巴文化娱乐集团副总裁周晓鹏表示,短视频行业迎来新风口,但大多数创作者却面临运营和变现的双重难题。阿里大文娱将以大鱼号为核心,从内容生产、用户触达和商业化三个方面,发力短视频行业基础设施建设,赋能产业链,推动产业升级。

近年来,逐渐升温的短视频已成为内容创业最大风口,每天都有数千万条短视频上传。在周晓鹏看来,短视频风口的出现源于三大“新基础设施”,即网络条件完备、视频采集生产软硬件普及以及内容创意爆发的大环境。但发展初期的流量红利正快速消失,内容制作成本不断提升,商业化路径狭窄,短视频从业者面临冰火两重天局面。

第一财经商业数据中心同天发布的《2017短视频行业大数据洞察报告》显示,短视频内容生产正向组织化、垂直化和个性化三个方向发展。内容生产者从个体转向组织化机构化发展,短视频内容正从泛娱乐化向垂直内容转型,搞笑娱乐类趋于同质化的内容占比逐渐减少,专注于美妆、美食、生活方式等垂直领域的创作者正在发力。

这些趋势印证了短视频创作者的生存现状,即在商业化方面抱团取暖,向更贴近广告主的垂直内容发力。目前,短视频的主流变现途径有平台补贴、广告植入、电商营销等。其中,广告植入和品牌定制视频等回报较好的方式主要被头部内容占据。

为了吸引和留存优质内容,各大平台纷纷推出奖金扶持计划。今年3月份,阿里文娱大鱼号宣布将原UC订阅号的“量子计划”升级为“大鱼计划”,在原有10亿元资金扶持基础上,再追加10亿元。目前,短视频行业中腰部创作者由于商业化不足,做精品内容成本高,因而生存艰难。设立高额补贴,正是希望发掘更多有潜力的作品和新锐创作者。

“一个行业不能只有头部。”大鱼号产品负责人吴越表示,大鱼号平台将通过提升服务满足内容创作者需求,让大鱼号成为短视频内容创作者的素材库、互动粉丝站和赚钱的“淘宝店”。

专家表示,短视频创作者要实现商业变现,进而形成品牌价值,最终要靠清晰的用户洞察,尤其要满足年轻人复杂多样的内容需求。大数据分析显示,30岁以下用户是短视频受众主力,用户黏性也更高。在土豆平台上,30岁以下人群占比超过60%,其中19岁至30岁主力用户人群表现尤为突出。

同时,不同年龄段用户喜好的短视频类型、观看时间及互动方式也有明显差别。数据显示,18岁以下青少年最热衷于游戏类短视频,19岁至25岁用户热衷于追剧及动漫,26岁至30岁用户更加关注育儿类题材。

因此,第一财经商业数据中心分析认为,随着市场走向成熟,短视频用户口味将更加挑剔,平台应持续打造优质内容生态,完善内容分发方式,提升互动体验,进一步增强用户黏性。同时,在短视频行业残酷洗牌中,单体短视频平台将面临更大风险和压力,依托阿里、腾讯或微博等生态体系才能有更大发展机会。例如,在谷歌生态支持下,YouTube的估值从2006年的16.5亿美元飙升至现在的900亿美元。与之类似,今年3月底土豆全面转型为短视频平台,不足半年时间,土豆活跃用户数保持了每月20%以上的快速增长。(经济日报记者 黄 鑫)

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