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【理上网来·喜迎十九大】从依规治党到依法治国, 治党兴国与时俱进

2017-09-10 16:36:39   中国经济网

中国共产党诞生以来的90多年历程,也是党纪党规建设不断走向成熟的过程。中国共产党党规党纪建设的不断完善和发展,折射出的是执政党治党治国理念的演变。其所取得的理论与实践成果,有助于在当前厘清党纪与国法关系,正确把握与理解党的领导与依法治国的有机统一。

从依规治党到依法治国

民主革命时期的党规党纪建设主要是为党组织和党员干部的基本行为规范制定纪律要求。这一时期的党规党纪建设以党章为中心,以党的文件为主要形式,虽然形成了基本的党规党纪建设制度与机制,但仍然显得粗糙简单,没有形成系统的党内法规体系,呈现出战争年代所特有的即时性。

在社会主义建设前期的党规党纪建设中,由于中国共产党的执政地位发生了变化,党内法规的制定以反对党内特权腐败,加强党风廉政建设为主。以1956年党的八大颁布的《中国共产党章程》为标志性成果。

改革开放以后,面对新形势与新要求,中国共产党制定的党内法规开始探求从权力监督与制约这个源头来纯洁党的队伍,整肃党的纪律。

从1980年中共中央颁布的《关于党内政治生活的若干原则》到2012年12月中共中央政治局会议提出的“八项规定”,中共中央先后颁布了几十个直接涉及到党规党纪建设的各种规定和条例。

此外,新时期对如何制定党规党纪也有了更完善的规定。这一时期党章也经历了多次修改,在强调党规党纪的重要性的同时,也注重党内民主与依法治国。这些都表明党规党纪的建设在逐步向法制化与制度化靠拢,将健全党内民主、依规治党与依法治国有机地统一起来。

中国共产党成立90多年来,党规党纪建设不断发展成熟。党内法规体系则经历了由无到有、由偏到全、由粗到细的发展,不仅很好地解决了党的生存问题、夺取政权与建设政权问题,而且为中国共产党执政后如何依法执政提供了宝贵的理论经验与历史实践。

治党兴国要与时俱进

党纪与国法的制定都要与时俱进。面对新时期以来世情、国情、党情的新变化,执政党在如何治党治国的问题上将面临更高的要求。

当今世界是发展的世界,需要用发展的眼光来看待历史。执政党在历史上“依规治党”与“依法治国”所取得的成功经验,应该成为当前党规党纪建设与国法制定的重要理论资源。中国共产党在总结党规党纪建设的成功经验与错误教训的基础上,为适应新时代法治要求而对党规党纪建设法治化作出探索与变化,将党内法规与宪法法律接轨,将依规治党与依法治国有机结合,不断推进党规党纪建设与社会主义民主法制建设。

除了继承和发展党规党纪建设的优良传统外,国外治党治国的优秀成果,也应该成为当前党规党纪建设与国法制定的重要借鉴。

党纪与国法的落实在程序与细则上要有科学的理论指导与理论论证,以免出现程序上的偏差或细则上的遗漏,从而导致党纪国法的约束力减弱甚至是没有约束力。

党纪与国法的落实在程序与细则上还要有可行的操作性。党纪与国法最终要用来规范与约束人的行为,所以必须在程序与细则上具备可操作性,这样才能体现其作用。

综观中国共产党90多年党规党纪建设的漫长历程,可以看出,没有严格的党规党纪来保证党的纯洁性与先进性,就不可能有国法的付诸实践;同样,没有中国特色社会主义法律法规为社会主义事业保驾护航,也就不可能有党纪党规的付诸实践。面对新时期新形势的要求,需要我们进一步加强和改进党规党纪建设,重塑党员队伍形象,保持党的纯洁性与先进性。

(作者:郭文亮 中山大学党史党建研究所所长、中山大学社会科学教育学院教授、博士生导师  洪 汛 中山大学社会科学教育学院马克思主义中国化研究博士研究生)

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