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延安组建医疗集团促医疗资源下沉 在家门口享受优质医疗服务

2017-09-09 07:01:52   中国经济网

在县乡医疗卫生机构,“病人留不住,好医生留不住”的问题较为普遍。问题的实质在于优质资源城乡分布不均衡。针对“看病难”,延安以改革管理体制、创新运行机制为核心,统筹优化区域医疗卫生资源,组成医疗集团。通过建立医疗机构联网运营模式和“病人不动、医生互动”的医疗服务模式,将优质资源下沉,让百姓在家门口就能享受优质医疗服务。

如何让城市的优质医疗资源更好地为县乡基层群众服务?2009年1月,延安大学附属医院正式托管洛川县医院。洛川县医院的管理权、人事权、财务支配权全部交由延安大学附属医院,实行医院所有权与经营权“两权分离”的改革模式。延大附院派出4名管理能力较强的同志担任洛川县医院的正副院长,通过深入调研,摸准脉搏对症下药,将三甲医院的管理模式在县医院迅速推广。

在托管洛川县医院的基础上,延安市于2013年底组建延安医疗集团,成员单位有延安大学附属医院、市第二人民医院和洛川、延长、志丹、宜川4家县医院,实行人、财、物和业务一体化管理。同时,制定医疗集团章程、发展规划,建立理事会、总医院两级管理体制,总医院设在延安大学附属医院,集团内医疗机构实行紧密型一体化管理。理事会主要对总医院进行年度考核,并对集团成员资产、服务和价格进行监管。通过组建延安医疗集团,探索建立整合型新型医疗服务体系,使集团内县级分院达到三级医院服务水平,实现“预防在基层、小病不出镇、大病不出县”的目标。

经过几年的发展,延安优质医疗资源下沉成效显现,秩序日趋合理。与2013年集团组建前相比,2016年4家县级分院总门诊人次增长15.8%,出院人次增长20.04%,出院手术例数增长12.24%。总医院累计向分院下派专家90余人次,帮助分院建成市级重点专科13个,开展新技术新业务76项。与2013年相比,2016年各分院县域外转诊率平均下降25%。大医院患者回流,市域内三级医院就诊压力缓解,促进分级诊疗制度实施。与2014年相比,2016年总医院门诊人次下降21.9%、手术量下降13.2%,分院门诊人次平均增长8.09%、手术量平均增长6.79%。

针对“看病贵”的难题,延安市于2012年将新农合与城镇居民基本医疗保险进行整合,施行缴费标准、报销政策、基金管理、网络建设、经办管理、定点管理的“六统一”管理,在全省率先实现了城乡居民医疗保险制度一体化。全市城乡居民可在当地任何一个经办窗口办理参保缴费手续,参保居民可在全市所有定点医疗机构就医就诊,在定点药店刷卡买药,出院时在所住医院即可报销基本医疗和大病保险医疗费用。

此外,通过两次对城乡居民医疗保险政策进行调整完善,在城镇居民医保制度上先后建立了门诊个人账户、住院医疗费报销、门诊统筹报销、大病保险补助四个层次的医疗保障制度,初步搭建起较为完善的城乡居民医疗保险政策框架体系,实现了保障范围全覆盖。据统计,近3年,延安市城乡居民基本医疗保险平均报销比例约为52.3%,加上大病保险赔付人均比例提高的15%,城乡居民基本医疗保险和大病保险合计报销比例能达到67.3%,高出一体化前城镇居民报销比例约16个百分点,高出农村居民28个百分点。

“城乡居民医保一体化实施后,全市近150万农村居民享受了与城镇居民同等待遇政策,缴费就低不就高,报销政策就高不就低,不仅扩大了报销范围,而且将意外伤害纳入报销范围,可以说让老百姓得到了更多实惠。”延安市卫生计生局局长、市医改办主任郝建东说。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 雷 婷)

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