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孕期遭解聘获赔两万 谁是真正赢家

2017-09-07 07:52:05   中国青年网

阿红(化名)2010年入职广东一家磁材公司,2015年初怀孕后因身体不适向公司请事假两天。阿红到广州就医,住院治疗一个月后,公司早已以旷工多日为由将其解雇。为此,阿红将磁材公司起诉到法院,法院一审判决涉案公司向阿红支付赔偿金24574.88元(9月6日《羊城晚报》)。

法院判决涉案公司向阿红支付两万多元的赔偿金,依据的是劳动合同法第42条“女职工在孕期、产期、哺乳期的”,用人单位不得解除其劳动合同的规定。很明显,解雇孕期员工是一种违法行为。劳动合同法第87条规定,用人单位违反本法规定解除劳动合同的,应当依照本法第47条规定的经济补偿标准的二倍向劳动者支付赔偿金。

表面上看,阿红得到了相应的赔偿,取得了维权的胜利,算是打赢了官司。而涉案公司在支付两万多元的赔偿金后,再也不需要给阿红发放产假工资,以及被解雇前在广州就医相关的医疗费用了,而且就目前看,民事赔偿之后,也尚无相关部门追究该公司违法解雇孕期员工应承担的行政责任。如果此案就此了结,涉案公司才算得上真正的赢家。

近年来,辞退“三期”女职工的现象呈多发频发态势。是什么导致“三期”女职工的权益难以得到依法保护?笔者认为不妨从法律法规本身的一些规定开始分析。

例如劳动法第98条规定,用人单位违反本法规定的条件解除劳动合同的,由劳动行政部门责令改正,对劳动者造成损害的,应当承担赔偿责任。因为损害赔偿责任是典型的民事责任形式,是典型的事后调整的法律形式,很难从根本上抑制用人单位违法解除劳动合同的情形发生。至于责令改正,更是不痛不痒,加之某些地方存在行政不作为等情形,并不能很好地保护劳动者的合法权益。

再如,劳动合同法第43条规定,用人单位单方解除劳动合同,应当事先将理由通知工会,工会有权要求用人单位纠正。鉴于很多单位没有工会,即使单位有工会组织,也很难阻止单位违法情形的发生。

还如,劳动合同法第47条规定,“劳动者月工资高于用人单位所在直辖市、设区的市级人民政府公布的本地区上年度职工月平均工资三倍的,向其支付经济补偿的标准按职工月平均工资三倍的数额支付,向其支付经济补偿的年限最高不超过十二年”。法院判决用人单位赔偿劳动者的损失标准实际上是相对保守的,对用人单位来说,能否构成压力或许是个问题。

具体到本案,阿红得到两万多元的赔偿金,工作肯定是丢了,而失去工作后,其产假工资以及医疗待遇等,又由谁来埋单?涉案公司拿两万多元钱买了个“解除劳动合同”零压力,并没有受到其他责任追究。这样的结果,何谈对“三期”女职工的保护?

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