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作一个告别:手机国内长途费漫游费的前世今生“大起底”
2017-08-31 07:30:53 中国青年网
今年3月政府工作报告中明确指出“今年网络提速降费要迈出更大步伐,年内全部取消手机国内长途和漫游”。三家运营商纷纷响应,并提出计划10月1日实现取消手机国内长途、漫游费。7月,中国电信、中国移动、中国联通三家运营商宣布,从9月1日起,全面取消手机国内长途费、漫游费,较计划提前1个月。这也就意味着,手机国内长途、漫游费将退出历史舞台。国内长途费、漫游费到底是何时登上历史舞台,又在当中扮演着怎样的角色呢?记者通过搜集整理有关资料并采访有关专家学者,进行“大起底”,为读者梳理国内长途、漫游费的前世今生。(如无特别说明,以下所提及长途费、漫游费均指手机国内长途、漫游费。)
“长途”“漫游”的自述
我叫手机国内漫游费,大家平时都叫我漫游费。我有一个兄弟,叫手机国内长途费,我们都管它叫长途费。我作为手机通话费用的一种,主要指当手机用户离开归属地到异地后,由于建立了漫游而收取的费用。关于我的由来,据说可以追溯到上世纪90年代的“大哥大”时期,当时我国移动通信处于发展初期,手机用户在异地进行通话产生漫游,归属地的电信局需要通知漫游地电信局允许用户入网,这在当时是一项非常复杂的过程,并且消耗一定的人力物力,由此,我便出生了。中国信息通信研究院政策与经济所副所长马源曾表示,我这种资费结构源于我国移动通信发展初期的技术水平、网络组织架构、用户数量,以及我国各地经济发展水平和用户经济承受能力的差异等多重因素。而我的兄弟长途费,简单地说就是手机用户在归属地内呼叫归属地外的用户而产生的通话费。我们与本地通话费一样,都是移动通信服务根据通话范围的不同而划定并收取的费用。
长途、漫游费的“前世”
关于长途费、漫游费的前半生,北京邮电大学教授曾剑秋表示,其在我国有一个漫长的发展过程。在移动电话业务发展的过程中,中国移动电话经历了开拓、发展、普及三个阶段。在这三个阶段中,资费的策略直接影响着业务的发展,发挥了十分重要的价格杠杆的调节作用。长途费、漫游费最早来源于长途费,当时电信网络不发达,建设过程与周期较长,改革开放初期为了电信发展,我国引进了交换机等设备并建设基站,而当中包含了收取长途费、漫游费的机制。收取长途费、漫游费一则是通话成本需要,二则电信的起步发展需要资金支持,收取长途费、漫游费能够在一定程度上为网络建设提供资金来源。因此,收取长途费和漫游费对促进我国网络的跨越式发展发挥了重要的作用。
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