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我国就业为何“稳如泰山”

2017-08-28 06:15:45   中国经济网

经济发展对于扩大就业有着明显的联动效应。宏观经济的平稳运行和经济结构的持续优化,为我国就业形势保持稳定提供了有力支撑。新动能的成长创造了新的就业岗位,增加的就业容量比化解过剩产能过程中需要安置的职工数量更大——

今年7月份,我国大城市调查失业率继续低于5%,维持在较低水平;全国城镇调查失业率为5.1%左右,低于上年同期。这组数据表明,当前我国就业形势总体平稳。

专家指出,宏观经济的平稳运行和经济结构的持续优化,为我国就业形势保持稳定提供了有力支撑。不过,由于就业总量依然庞大,结构性矛盾持续存在,因而仍要把就业创业摆在更加突出的位置。

新动能创造新岗位

今年前7个月,我国城镇新增就业855万人,比上年同期增加了20万人,就业保持稳中向好态势。

2012年至2016年期间,我国就业人员总量保持了平稳增长,分别达到76704万人、76977万人、77253万人、77451万人和77603万人,年均增长225万人。

“我国就业形势的稳中向好,是在加快推进淘汰落后产能,淘汰僵尸企业,化解过剩产能的情况下取得的,来之不易。”国家统计局新闻发言人毛盛勇说。

中国国际经济交流中心副总经济师徐洪才认为,经济发展对于扩大就业有着明显的联动效应。宏观经济的平稳运行,对于稳定就业起到了至关重要的支撑作用。

数据显示,在经济增速换挡、劳动年龄人口总量依然庞大的大背景下,我国经济发展与扩大就业有效联动,经济增长的就业弹性增强。2012年至2016年,国内生产总值每增长1个百分点,平均吸纳非农就业172万人,比2009年至2011年多吸纳30万人。

毛盛勇分析说,随着我国经济发展进入新常态,传统行业过剩产能逐步化解,新动能不断培育,新旧动能转换加快。在制造业领域,新兴制造业在加快成长;在服务业领域,新兴的服务业在不断成长。新动能的成长创造了新的就业岗位,增加的就业容量比化解过剩产能过程中需要安置的职工数量更大。

同时,服务业也发挥了就业蓄水池的作用,对就业的吸纳能力比较强。“近年来,我国服务业发展速度比较快,增加值所占比重持续提高。加之灵活就业、自主创业、弹性就业有所增加,大众创业、万众创新的蓬勃发展为各种形式的就业提供了良好的条件。”毛盛勇表示。

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