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传统城市空间格局形成 “专业化”可助推城市发展
2017-08-22 07:02:17 中国经济网
近日,网上一篇题为《时隔十年再看“上海为什么出不了马云”:在新赛道上,上海已被杭州甩下半个身位》的文章,引发广大网友热烈讨论。
“上海为什么出不了马云”,是当年上海市有关负责人从创新角度作出的自谦性发问,并不就是指绝对的城市竞争力,但近10年来此类话题仍然屡屡被人提及。例如,有的说“北上广”的广州已逐渐被深圳取代,甚至还有深圳正在赶超香港等说法,总是能撩动人们敏感的神经。
其实,这样的话题不具备严格意义上的统计学价值,“上海被杭州甩下半个身位”之说并不具有科学性。仅仅从评价城市的最关键性指标,即地区生产总值和人口两项来看,杭州在很长一段时间内还是没法跟上海比肩的:2016年统计数据显示,上海市地区生产总值依旧高居全国第一,而杭州仅居第十,为11700亿元;人口方面,上海现有2416万人,而杭州为889万人。
当然,我们并不能就此而简单地强调“这是误读”,因为相关文章提出的某些思路确实值得深思:相比一些超大城市,杭州市经济体量相对小,但其强大的科技创新能力依然能够撬动和连接巨量资源,推动城市产业升级和位次不断赶超。
也就是说,杭州与上海之比并不是规模、体量之比,背后隐藏着在城市空间与产业格局发展新趋势维度上的“较量”。传统城市空间格局的形成,往往与公路、铁路、航空、水运等相关,在这个阶段,城市生产受到规模经济的影响,往往追求规模化发展。但近年来,随着科技的发展进步,互联网正在改变传统的城市空间格局,也促成了新国际分工,并出现重新城市化。此时的城市发展新思路,可不再去一味追求规模,而是寻求“专业化”,因为专业化的城市更容易产生就业聚集,也能够提升民众幸福感。像杭州一直被称为“1.5线城市”,甚至是“新一线城市”,很大程度上得益于城市专业化,她以阿里生态大本营(阿里巴巴、蚂蚁金服、菜鸟等)为世界级名片,在城市产业与生活信息化、数据化、移动化等多领域,都已在中国城市中处于领先位置,展现出自身的实力与魅力。(原文来源:经济日报 作者:盘和林)
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