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 国务院发展研究中心:阿里新零售助推供给侧改革

2017-08-15 12:30:37   中国经济网

天猫和线下实体合作,在杭州创造的一种可以社交并享受零食的新零售业态

“阿里巴巴新零售业,通过数据化改造对整个供应链进行优化,从而提升效率,创造价值,将从零售这一环节推动供给侧结构性改革。”昨日,国务院发展研究中心创新发展研究部室主任、研究员戴建军在分析最近受到市场热捧的新零售概念时表示。

戴建军认为,一段时间以来,阿里巴巴陆续推出了无人超市、汽车自动售卖机、无人零售店等多种新零售业态,受到了市场欢迎。在这一潮流中涌现出一批像阿里巴巴这样的企业,充分发挥互联网、大数据、识别、传感等现代科技的作用,将这些现代科技集成应用于改造提升传统零售行业,为新一代信息技术商业化应用提供了新的成功实践。这种新业态契合了目前我国消费转型升级阶段消费者对品质和体验的需求,因而取得成功。

戴建军介绍,创新研究的鼻祖熊彼特将创新定义为现有资源的“重新组合”,认为经济发展就是不断创新的结果,并给出了创新的几种类型:新产品、新的生产方法(工艺)、新的供应源、新的企业组织方式,这几种创新均能够推动经济发展产生质变。

在戴建军看来,最近大热的阿里巴巴“无人超市”等新零售业态,利用身份识别、大数据分析等为用户“画像”,从而更精准地把握用户需求,并回溯到供应链端按需生产。根据熊彼特对创新的分类,这种新零售业态重新组织了企业的生产和销售,属于组织创新,或称之为商业模式创新。

“无人超市等新零售业态的表象是‘无人’,本质是推动零售业数字化变革。”戴建军说,传统零售业依据经验完成货物的销售管理,效率提升缓慢,需求满足的精准度不够,难以适应消费者越来越高的要求。而随着信息网络技术的快速发展,数字化的知识和信息成为新的生产要素,为经济效率提升和结构优化提供了新的动力。阿里巴巴力推新零售业适应数字经济发展的趋势,通过数据化改造对整个供应链条进行整体优化,从而提升效率,创造价值,将从零售这一环节推动供给侧结构性改革。

戴建军说,20世纪上半叶,美国经济领先全球原因在于产生了许多组织方面创新,包括全新的组织生产和分销的方法。在我国,电子商务也是典型的商业模式创新,为社会带来了巨大的经济效益。当前的新零售业态直接的效益是节省交易费用,提升零售业效率和服务质量,从更广的范围来看,无疑将推动整体社会进步。

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