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八旬老人吃咸菜开胃中毒 口唇四肢等多处都发紫

2017-08-11 05:11:14   中国青年网

夏天胃口不好,86岁的陈大伯想吃点咸菜开开胃,没想到竟中毒全身多处发紫。医生建议,食用咸菜前,可将咸菜水煮2分钟,或在热水里焯一下,每日摄入咸菜的量最好不要超过10克。

陈大伯家住白乐桥,身体一向健康,但最近的高温天让他很苦恼:“不能去外面遛弯,胃口也不好了。”为了开胃,昨天中午,陈大伯找出邻居送的自制咸菜就着饭吃。没想到,等儿女下班回家,陈大伯的口唇、四肢等多处都发紫。

儿女急忙把陈大伯送到浙江医院。“看到患者口唇、指甲、全身皮肤紫绀的情况,结合患者中午吃过半碟咸菜,想到可能是因为吃的咸菜腌制时间不够,亚硝酸盐含量较高,引发了亚硝酸盐中毒症状。”接诊的浙江医院急诊科医师说,之后的化验结果也验证了他的推测。幸好陈大伯只是轻度中毒,及时地解毒治疗后,紫绀症状消除了。

腌制是把蔬菜制作成咸菜的一道重要工艺,发酵过程就是各种微生物的繁殖过程,其间会产生大量亚硝酸盐。而细菌在分解亚硝酸时,又会产生醋酸、乳酸等物质,这些酸性物质会慢慢分解亚硝酸盐。医生说,一般摄入微量的亚硝酸盐,人体会自动代谢。但摄入亚硝酸盐在0.3克到0.5克时,会引起中毒,摄入3克以上会致人死亡。

医生提醒,亚硝酸盐中毒会造成高铁血红蛋白血症,导致缺氧,进而引发口唇、指甲及全身皮肤、黏膜紫绀,头痛头晕,胸闷无力,心悸恶心,腹痛腹泻等症状,严重者还会有心率减慢、心律不齐、昏迷、惊厥等情况。一旦发现亚硝酸盐中毒,应立即到正规医院治疗。否则,亚硝酸盐会在体内蓄积,引发持续缺氧存在,严重的会危及生命。

一般来说,腌制咸菜第一天,亚硝酸盐含量较低,在2—10天,逐渐升高至顶峰。之后会慢慢减少并被氧化为硝酸盐,在腌制后20天左右,又会回到很低水平。所以,咸菜腌制20天后再吃比较科学。

医生建议市民,食用咸菜前,可将咸菜水煮2分钟,或在热水里焯一下,可起到减少亚硝酸盐的作用。此外,每日摄入咸菜的量最好不要超过10克。看到色泽特别青翠的咸菜,最好不要吃。

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