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内蒙古文物局:成吉思汗确实到过阿尔寨石窟

2017-08-08 10:22:36   中国青年网

关于成吉思汗是否到过鄂尔多斯境内的阿尔寨石窟,学界一直颇多争议。内蒙古自治区文物局日前对外通报,近期经考古专家认定,成吉思汗确实到过鄂尔多斯境内的阿尔寨石窟。

阿尔寨石窟

阿尔寨石窟,又名百眼窑,是中华人民共和国重点文物保护单位,位于鄂托克旗棋盘井镇境内的一座孤立凸起的平顶红砂小山上,因山体周围分布众多石窟而得名。阿尔寨石窟是内蒙古自治区境内发现的规模最大的石窟建筑群,是中国西夏至蒙元时期较大的石窟寺。也是中国唯一的草原石窟,被誉为“草原敦煌”。该石窟壁画属于藏传佛教,有苯教和红教宁玛教教派内容,窟顶雕刻正方格中的八瓣莲花图案,为西夏石窟寺流行的纹饰和壁画内容。

阿尔寨石窟

近期,内蒙古文物局在考察“草原丝绸之路”中,对石窟进行综合考察,专家认为成吉思汗及其大军确实到过阿尔寨石窟。

内蒙古自治区文物局官方称,考古专家通过对阿尔寨石窟及周边地区考察,结合对《蒙古秘史》、《智者喜宴》的释读与分析,推知成吉思汗在最后一次(即第6次)征西夏时因打猎受伤,曾在阿尔寨石窟养伤、祈福、许愿、康复。

以往学术界对成吉思汗征西夏的行军路线争论颇多,有的学者认为成吉思汗没有到过鄂尔多斯。

内蒙古文物局官方称,通过对阿尔寨石窟及周边地区的考察,综合发现许多物证,可以证明成吉思汗大军到过这里。

文物局通报的信息表明,阿尔寨石窟是成吉思汗转战一生中既有地名可考,又有古典文献记述的重要活动故址,意义相当重大。

【阿尔寨石窟简介】

阿尔寨石窟 ,在鄂托克旗公卡汉乡西南30公里处,距乌兰镇有130公里,它至今还是一个“谜”。在茫茫大漠草原怀抱之中的一块丘陵地上,耸立着一座孤零零的红砂岩石小山。该山东西长约400米,南北宽约200米,山高出周围地表面约40余米。山虽小,但岩壁陡峭,在险峻的峭壁上分布着许多大大小小的石窟,是谓“百眼窟”。在漫长的历史岁月里,由于风吹雨打自然风化侵蚀,岩石疏松,山崖坍塌,部分古窟已遭到破坏。目前,还能看到的石窟尚存49座,这些石窟不很规则地排列在岩壁上,以南壁为最多。石窟的排列可大致划分为上、中、下三层。在石壁的中上部,还有9座造形、大小不等的浮雕石塔点缀在大石窟之间。

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