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眼保健操做了很多年还是近视了,还用做下去吗?

2017-06-07 07:27:18   新华社

新华社北京6月6日电题:眼保健操做了很多年还是近视了,还用做下去吗?

新华社“中国网事”记者林苗苗毛伟豪

今年6月6日是第22个全国爱眼日。目前,我国近视呈现出发病率高、低龄化等趋势。眼保健操做了很多年,为何近视发病率仍越来越高?多位眼科专家提醒,减少近距离用眼、增加户外活动、追踪屈光发育情况、及时筛查佩戴眼镜等,都对预防、延缓孩子近视有积极作用。

学生近视检出率上升低龄化趋势明显

调查显示,近年来我国学生近视检出率有所上升,并呈现出低龄趋势。“小眼镜”问题不容忽视。

教育部发布的《2014年全国学生体质与健康调研》结果显示,中国小学生视力不良检出率达到45.71%,初中生达到74.36%,高中生达到83.28%,大学生为86.36%,都比四年前有所上升。

根据北京市体育局、北京市教委2015年底联合发布的《2014年北京市国民体质监测公报》,视力不良检出率继续上升,小学一年级学生视力低下率持续增长。

该《监测公报》显示,北京市大中小学学生视力不良检出率为68.44%,比2010年上升5.47个百分点。其中,小学生为43.13%,比2010年上升5.82个百分点;初中学生为76.50%,比2010年上升10.28个百分点;高中学生为89.17%,比2010年上升7.95个百分点;大学生为91.42%,比2010年上升3.72个百分点。

北京儿童医院眼科主任李莉介绍,近视为遗传因素、环境因素共同作用。我们能做到的是如何通过改变环境因素预防和控制近视的发生、发展,特别是减少病理性近视的发生。

北京同仁医院院长王宁利说,以前在小学一年级很少看到近视眼,现在近视的趋势是发生率升高,年龄低龄化,很多孩子从幼儿园就开始学习,近距离用眼,增加了眼睛负担。

眼保健操做了很多年还是近视了,还用做下去吗?

虽然眼保健操一直在做,但是孩子的近视发病率越来越高,并且呈现出低龄化趋势。那么,是眼保健操没有用吗?

“近视眼的成因之一是长期看近处,导致睫状肌调节痉挛。眼保健操的设计初衷是想通过一种方法让睫状肌周围放松,增加血供,达到延缓近视发展的目的,不能说没有用。”北京中医医院眼科主任杨迎新说。

据介绍,眼保健操通过刺激眼周的穴位,主要起到两个作用,一是调节睫状肌的麻痹状态,使其处于放松状态;二是增加眼部的血供,眼睛的血流增加后,也有利于睫状肌放松。

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