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《咬文嚼字》公布年度十大语文差错 你用对了吗

2016-12-21 18:16:49   新华社

新华社上海12月21日电题:《咬文嚼字》公布2016年十大语文差错

新华社记者孙丽萍

著名语文期刊《咬文嚼字》21日揭晓2016年度十大语文差错,“载(zɑǐ)人飞行”“一揽子货币”等入选。这一年国际国内风云激荡,不少语文差错源自国际政治经济科技大事。

这十大语文差错分别是:

一、航天新闻报道中的读音错误:“载人飞行”的“载”误读为zɑǐ。2016年11月18日,神舟十一号飞船在完成一系列载人飞行任务后,顺利返航着陆。总飞行时间长达33天,是迄今为止我国持续时间最长的一次载人飞行。

一些广播电视媒体的播音员把“载人飞行”的“载”读作了zɑǐ。“载”是多音字,读zɑì时,意思是装乘、携带;读zɑǐ,意思是记载、刊登。“载人飞行”指用飞行器承载人的飞行,应读作zɑì。

二、经济新闻报道中的用词错误:“一篮子货币”误为“一揽子货币”。2016年10月1日,人民币正式加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权(简称SDR)的一篮子货币。不少媒体在报道这则新闻时,将“一篮子货币”说成了“一揽子货币”。

货币篮子(Currencybasket)或称一篮子货币,是一个经济学术语,指设定汇率时作为参考而选择一组外币,由多种货币按不同的比重构成货币组合。而“一揽子”则指对各种事物不加选择地包揽在一起,如一揽子计划、一揽子交易等等。“一篮子货币”中的货币需要精心选择,不能“一揽子”放进来。

三、美国总统大选报道中的量词混淆:“任”误为“届”。2016年11月,唐纳德·特朗普在美国总统大选中获胜,然而新闻媒体的报道却混乱不堪。有媒体说他当选美国第45届总统,也有媒体祝贺他当选美国第58届总统。事实上,部分媒体混淆了量词“任”和“届”。

美国实行总统制,每四年举行一次总统选举,总统任满4年为一届。如果总统在任期内因故由其他人接替,接替者仍被视为同一届总统。如果同一人在不连续的数届总统选举中当选,每当选一次就算一任。

简而言之,“届”是由选举决定的,一次选举即产生一届总统;“任”是由总统的更换来定义的,每更换一次即产生一任总统。据美国历史,特朗普当选的是第58届美国总统,也是第45任美国总统。

四、英国脱欧公投报道中的概念错误:“脱离欧盟”误为“脱离欧洲”。2016年6月23日,英国举行“脱欧公投”,其结果是英国“脱欧”。有些媒体在报道这次事件时,把“脱欧”解释为“脱离欧洲”。这属于明显的概念错误。其实,英国脱离的不是欧洲,而是欧盟。

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