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印度南部至少11人死于尼帕病毒

2018-05-23 14:35:32   新华网

新华社新德里5月23日电(记者胡晓明)印度南部喀拉拉邦近期流行尼帕病毒,截至23日已造成至少11人死亡。印度卫生官员敦促民众保持警惕、不传播谣言,并承诺严防病毒扩散。

印度卫生和家庭福利部部长贾加特·普拉卡什·纳达在社交媒体上说,印度政府已向世界卫生组织进行了通报,并向喀拉拉邦派出了由全国疾控中心专家组成的医疗小组,以评估尼帕病毒暴发流行的情况。全印医学科学院等机构派出的专家也将在23日抵达。

此次流行的尼帕病毒出现在喀拉拉邦科泽科德县和默勒布勒姆县,送检的18份血液样本中,有12份呈尼帕病毒阳性。死者中有8人来自科泽科德县,其中包括一家三口;另3人来自默勒布勒姆县,其中包括一名护理病人的护士。目前有19人正在隔离治疗,其中2人病情严重。

1998年,尼帕病毒首现马来西亚,当时一些养猪者出现脑炎,后被证实与这种病毒有关。传染病学研究表明,马来西亚农户喜欢在猪圈周围种植芒果树,果蝠啃咬芒果的残渣掉落至猪圈,猪吃掉芒果中沾有含尼帕病毒的蝙蝠唾液导致感染,当地人因接触猪感染这种病毒。2004年,孟加拉国出现尼帕病毒疫情,病毒源头是人们喝了被携带病毒蝙蝠污染的椰枣汁。

流行病学专家表示,目前尚不清楚印度喀拉拉邦的尼帕病毒传染途径。

尼帕病毒被世界卫生组织列为2018年需要关注的10种潜在高危传染病之一。这种病毒能攻击人和动物的肺部和大脑,症状包括发烧、头疼、嗜睡、昏迷、意识模糊,人和动物的死亡率分别高达75%和60%,目前并无疫苗和有效治疗方法。

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