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应对美国“退群” 欧洲三大国联手中俄挽救伊核协议

2018-05-21 06:55:08   央广网

【环球时报驻德国特约记者 青木 环球时报记者 李司坤 陈欣】据德国《星期日世界报》20日报道,来自德国、法国、英国、俄罗斯和中国的外交官员正在协商一项新协议,希望借此挽救2015年签署的伊核协议,并说服特朗普解除对伊朗的制裁。这些外交官还将于25日在维也纳就此举行会议。不过路透社20日援引3名欧盟消息人士的话否认与会各方将讨论新协议。分析认为,鉴于欧盟自知力量有限,因此有意与中俄共同商讨新协议,但短期内,这个目标并不现实。

《星期日世界报》从欧盟高层人士获得的消息称,德国、法国、英国、俄罗斯和中国间的会谈定在下周末,但美国不会出席,伊朗官员是否参加还不得而知。会谈的目的是商讨美国退出伊朗核协议后的下一步进程。报道称,新协议和2015年的伊核协议相似,但新增限制伊朗弹道导弹和地区角色的条款,未来还有可能增加对伊朗的财政援助内容。如果新协议能够达成,有助于说服特朗普解除对伊朗的制裁。但3名曾参与阻止美国总统特朗普退出伊核协议谈判的欧盟消息人士20日晚些时候告诉路透社,上述消息并不正确,“本周五的维也纳会议将讨论伊核协议的实施问题和细节。”德国外交部目前尚未就有关消息予以回应。

虽然维也纳会议的具体议题尚不明确,但“为挽救伊核协议 ,五国正组成联合阵线”。“德国之声”20日称,计划中的会议显示欧盟致力于确保伊核协议得以继续执行,即便这意味着他们要在脱离美国的情况下,与莫斯科、北京和德黑兰展开合作。卡塔尔半岛电视台20日称,自5月8日特朗普宣布退出伊核协议以来,欧洲和德黑兰相互谨慎接近,双方声明遵守协议的要求,同时监测彼此的行为,以确保履行承诺。欧洲国家表示将尽力保持伊朗石油和投资的流动,但同时也承认这并不容易。伊朗原子能机构负责人萨利希表示,如果欧洲国家未能保留协议,伊朗有多种选择,包括恢复提炼浓缩铀至纯度20%,并称欧盟只有几个星期的时间来履行其承诺。

而《星期日世界报》认为,之所以要寻找新途径,是因为欧洲官员知道,欧洲企业在美国的新制裁背景下难以在伊朗进行商业活动。欧盟希望伊朗知道,只要后者遵守伊核协议,欧盟就愿意为德黑兰注资。欧盟高级官员认为,布鲁塞尔就美国的制裁措施所采取的对策,对“伊朗经济的积极影响非常有限”,因此有必要与中俄缔结新的协议。

不过,中国社会科学院西亚非洲所副研究员王凤20日对《环球时报》记者表示,各方在短期内就伊核问题达成新的协议并不现实。因为研发弹道导弹一直是伊核计划的内容,很难要求伊朗停止研发弹道导弹以换取欧盟的金融支持,伊朗对欧盟的承诺并不放心。

面对美国的强势,欧盟应该怎么办?美国《商业内幕》20日称,欧盟可以签署一个变动极小的协议,以绥靖特朗普,然后坐等他任期结束。      

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