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记者手记:澳大利亚“樱桃之都”的中国情结

2018-03-25 15:16:04    新华网

新华社堪培拉3月25日电 记者手记:澳大利亚“樱桃之都”的中国情结

新华社记者 徐海静 赵博

澳大利亚新南威尔士州的扬市以出产樱桃著名,被称为澳大利亚的“樱桃之都”。鲜为人知的是,这里与中国很有渊源,很多本地人都怀有中国情结,因此这里已连续5年举办“中国节”。

今年的“中国节”3月24日举行。扬市市中心的主街实施封路,变成了一个大秀场,舞狮、茶道、国画、民乐、中医、美食等中国文化表演和展示将原本清静的街道变得热闹非凡,许多本地居民和外来游客驻足体验。

扬市旧称兰明低地或蓝坪,这里与中国的渊源始于19世纪中叶。1860年,澳大利亚的淘金热达到高潮。当年年中,两个美国人在蓝坪地区发现了金子,消息不胫而走,短时间内吸引了来自世界各地的大批淘金者,其中就有约1500名来自中国的矿工。

与其他国家矿工三五成群或单打独斗不同,中国矿工以团体形式活动,每个团体大约100人。这些中国矿工团体组织性很强,在团队领导带领和指挥下,他们修建了水道、水坝等基础设施,为采矿提供保障。这也让他们在很多被其他国家矿工认为毫无收获的矿址淘出金子。但这种成功很快遭到其他国家矿工、尤其是欧洲矿工的嫉恨。1861年1月和6月先后爆发了两次暴乱,在第二次暴乱中,欧洲矿工闯入中国矿工的矿区,将后者驱离,甚至剪掉一些中国人的辫子以示羞辱。1000多名中国矿工不得不一路步行,直到好心的当地农场主詹姆斯·罗伯茨在自家农场收留了他们。

新州当局最终从悉尼抽调警力平息了暴乱,但这场原本由欧洲矿工挑起的暴乱却被当时的舆论归咎于中国矿工的出现。议会因此通过了一系列排华法案,对允许中国矿工淘金的区域做出限制。这被认为是限制有色人种移民的“白澳政策”的发端,直到20世纪70年代初这一政策才被废除。

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