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要升级驱逐舰为航母 安倍再踏“宪法红线”

2017-12-27 21:35:19   新华网

新华社北京12月27日电(全球热点)要升级驱逐舰为航母 安倍再踏“宪法红线”

新华社记者

日本各大媒体26日纷纷报道,日本政府正在讨论将“出云”号驱逐舰改造成可供战斗机起降的航空母舰,搭载可短距起飞垂直降落的F-35B战机。

分析人士指出,改造“出云”号可能违宪,将给日本未来的防卫政策带来巨大改变,对地区安全构成不稳定因素。

【新闻事实】

据日本《朝日新闻》26日报道,防卫省正在考虑对“出云”号驱逐舰的甲板进行耐热处理,以便日后搭载可短距起飞垂直降落的F-35B战机。

防卫省考虑将升级后的驱逐舰定义为“防御型航母”,主要用途定位为离岛防御以及供美军战机油料补给。初步设想是供美军F-35B战斗机使用,通过加强日美合作来应对“威胁”。

日本宪法禁止自卫队保有攻击型航母。中国外交部发言人华春莹26日在例行记者会上表示,日方要采取的举措可能违反日本宪法第九条。中方敦促日方坚持走和平发展道路,在军事安全领域慎重行事。

日本《东京新闻》提到,日本2018年度预算的防卫费高达约5.2万亿日元(约合458亿美元),刷新历史纪录。冷战结束后,日本的防卫费呈减少趋势,但自安倍晋三上台以来,防卫费不断增长,连年刷新历史纪录。

【深度分析】

日本东洋学园大学教授朱建荣认为,日本此举一则可借朝核危机和所谓“中国威胁”扩充军事力量;其二,美国特朗普政府提倡“美国优先”,注重经济回报,把亚洲防卫更多付托于日本等盟国,使日本获得更多机会;其三,目前日本国内自民党把持国会,社会气氛保守化,也使其有条件突破历史禁区。

但朱建荣也表示,改造“出云”号还有很多障碍。和平宪法的限制以及中韩等周边国家的高度警惕,使日本只能走一步看一步,不敢贸然决定。

军事专家指出,“出云”号驱逐舰无论在吨位、布局还是功能上,都已符合现代轻型航母标准。如果未来日本在“出云”号驱逐舰上搭载F-35B舰载机,就将使其成为真正意义的轻型航母。日本《读卖新闻》也说,“出云”号一旦改造完成,将成为日本自卫队拥有的第一艘航母,可望在本世纪20年代初期投入使用。

有分析认为,在朝鲜半岛局势日益紧张的背景下,从今年5月“出云”号为美军补给舰高调护航大秀“存在感”,到如今考虑打造“防御型航母”,日本希望借此进一步加强与美军的合作,强化日美同盟关系。

 【第一评论】

改造“出云”号,将给日本防卫政策带来巨大改变,对亚太地区安全构成不稳定因素,威胁地区安全局势。

包括安倍内阁在内,日本历届政府都坚持自卫队不得保有攻击型航母。尽管防卫省试图以“防御型航母”搪塞,但不管改造后的“出云”号如何命名,只要搭载F-35B战机、具备攻击力,就会被视为“攻击性武器”。

希望日本政府遵循宪法第九条,坚持“专守防卫”,走和平发展道路,多做有利于增进地区国家互信和地区和平稳定的事,兑现其面向国际社会作出的郑重承诺,将有关“日本是一支和平的力量”的表态真真切切地落实到政策和行动中去。

【背景链接】

“出云”号是日本海上自卫队的“出云”级直升机驱逐舰,2015年3月开始服役。它全长248米,宽38米,满载排水量2.7万吨。“出云”号最多可搭载14架直升机,可实现5架直升机同时起降。

“出云”号的舰载直升机主要包括SH-60海鹰反潜直升机、MCH-101扫雷暨运输机等反潜装备,还可搭载UH-60“黑鹰”通用直升机、UH-1“休伊”通用直升机甚至V-22鱼鹰运输机等多种先进辅助装备。

“出云”号具有航母式的“全通甲板”,被军事评论人士归类为“准航母”。“出云”级直升机驱逐舰有利于大型榴弹炮、轻型装甲车等武装力量的铺开,可承担反潜作战编队中的核心作用,在远程投放能力方面预留很大提升空间。

2015年“出云”号服役时,美国《国家利益》网站一篇文章即指出,“出云”级驱逐舰完全具备轻型航母的能力。取名为驱逐舰有误导性和欺骗性。(记者:丁宜、刘秀玲;编辑:孙浩、王丰丰)

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