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直升机护卫舰将变航母!日本被曝拟购F-35B战机

2017-12-25 14:50:18   中国青年网

出云号直升机护卫舰

【环球网综合报道】日本早前决定购入42架美制F-35A隐形战机,但计划可能出现变化。香港东网12月25日报道称,有消息称,为应对中国日益活跃的海洋活动,日本防卫省正考虑购入可垂直起降的F-35B隐形战机,以部署在“准航母”和较短跑道的西南离岛机场上。日本共同社称,配备战机的直升机护卫舰将被视为航母,超出最低限度的自卫能力,势引起中国等亚洲多国不满。

美国F-35系列隐形战机有3个型号,A型为传统升降,主要由空军使用;B型为短距离起飞及垂直降落,可在航母及两栖攻击舰上使用;C型为航母舰载机,主要由美国海军使用。

日本共同社周日(24日)引述政府相关人士消息称,防卫省考虑把决定购入的部分F-35A改为F-35B,或者另外追加购买。政府亦考虑把相关内容,写入明年下半年修改的《防卫计划大纲》。

报道称,防卫省计划改装直升机护卫舰出云号及加贺号的舰首,变成让战机容易起飞的跳板,甲板亦将涂上耐热涂料,以及增设与改善舰上的航空燃料储存、弹药库及管制功能,使舰只能搭载F-35B。此外,防卫省内部有方案提出,建造新型的两栖攻击舰,情况就像美国海军,以两栖攻击舰搭载可短距离起飞及垂直降落的战机。

另外,在日本西南离岛中,只有下地岛的机场配备可让日本航空自卫队F-15战机升降、长达3000米的跑道。不过,根据日本政府于1971年签署的备忘录,非民航飞机不得使用该机场。因此,防卫省认为购入F-35B后,自卫队可用它在宫古岛、石垣岛、与那国岛、南大东岛、北大东岛的机场,执行警戒监视任务。

报道称,和平宪法规定日本只能实行专守防卫的国防政策,因此日本不得拥有被视为进攻性武器的“攻击型航母”。若然日本决定购入F-35B,并部署在现时只搭载直升机、采用直通式飞行甲板的“准航母”上,这些直升机护卫舰会被视为轻型航母,将引起亚洲邻国不满。

F-35B隐形战机

共同社分析认为,安倍晋三政府或辩解这是用于“离岛防卫”或“舰队防卫”、属于防卫型而非攻击型。不过,就算只是轻型航母,它也可用来攻击敌方基地,偏离专守防卫的政策。分析称,不能允许以所谓的“朝鲜威胁及中国海洋活动”为由,无限制地增强自卫队的装备。

韩国亦被曝或购同款战机增强两栖战力

正当有消息指日本计划购入美制的F-35B隐形战机之际,韩联社周一(25日)引述军方消息人士的话称,韩国军方亦开始考虑购入同款战机,并部署在海军的两栖攻击舰上,以强化该国的海军实力。

消息人士解释,此举旨在令两栖攻击舰的战略价值最大化。韩国海军现时拥有一艘独岛级两栖攻击舰,名为独岛号,另一艘同级舰则正在建造中。

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