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“脱欧法案”议会受阻:“留欧派”的挣扎?

2017-12-15 06:51:16   新华网

赶赴欧洲联盟峰会商讨下一步“脱欧”谈判前夕,英国首相特雷莎·梅政府在议会遭遇“拆台”:保守党内“反叛者”与反对党联手,通过一项修订“脱欧法案”的议案,使议会对英国与欧盟已经达成的“脱欧”协议拥有最终话语权。一些分析师推断,这表面上是英国政府与议会争夺“脱欧”进程主导权的“府院”之争,本质上依然是英国是否应该脱欧之争;只是,英国难走回头路。

【表面是“府院之争” 核心是“脱不脱欧”】

上海外国语大学英国研究中心常务副主任高健告诉新华社记者,这场表决,支持修订“脱欧法案”的阵营表面目的是希望整个“脱欧”议程能够由议会掌控,不仅对过程中具体事务安排拥有足够发言权,而且对最终达成的协议拥有决断权。但最本质的目的,尤其对保守党内部的“反叛分子”而言,是要为英国“脱欧”制造障碍。

“但是,当前整个政治气候之下,这些人不敢把真实想法表达出来,”高健说,“只能不断就议程制造麻烦,试图拖延‘脱欧’进程。”

特雷莎·梅的阵营一直担忧党内对“脱欧”的不同声音,今年6月提前举行议会选举就是怀着使权力相对集中、迅速高效推进“脱欧”议程的目的。不料,“豪赌”失败,保守党反而失去议会多数优势。后续发展证明,保守党内外的“留欧派”势力确实给“脱欧”进程制造了不少麻烦。

  【可能拖延进程 但已无法回头】

高健说,支持修订案的保守党议员不少出自法律界。他们反对“脱欧”,下一步会希望修改英国与欧盟达成的“脱欧”框架性协议条款,包括8日双方就“分手费”、爱尔兰边界、公民权利等三大“前提”达成的初步协议。但是,他们的诉求,注定无法取得欧盟或特雷莎·梅政府的支持,却可能实际拖延“脱欧”谈判进程。

不过,依照高健的判断,启动“脱欧”进程后,英国社会已经付出了很大代价,如首都伦敦的物价总体上浮了三成,“已经走在‘脱欧’路上的英国应该没有办法回头了”。

另一方面,英国要真正脱离欧盟,原本在许多领域就需要多方协调,过程注定漫长,所以,高健说,13日表决不会对“脱欧”进程造成实质性影响。保守党内的“留欧派”想推翻“脱欧公投”结果的政治愿望不可能实现,“英国经不起这样的折腾”。“脱欧”后续议程能否顺利推进,就要看特雷莎·梅对党内的掌控力了。(沈敏)(新华社专特稿)

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