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“脱欧”能否接着谈?欧盟给英国“最后10天”

2017-11-27 06:50:15   新华网

欧洲理事会主席唐纳德·图斯克24日说,针对欧盟与英国正在进行中的“脱欧”谈判,双方仍有可能在下月就三大核心议题达成初步协议,以解锁第二阶段谈判。不过,他表示谈判目前存在巨大挑战,并给英国定下10天“最后期限”,要求英国拿出更佳方案。

【再次发出“最后通牒”】

英国今年3月29日正式向欧盟递交“脱欧”信函,成为首个寻求退出欧盟的成员国。根据欧盟法律,双方需要在两年内(2019年3月29日之前)完成“脱欧”谈判。

目前,谈判仍处在第一阶段。要“解锁”包括贸易协议在内的第二阶段谈判,双方必须先在三大核心议题上取得实质性进展,这些议题分别是“分手费”、公民权利和英国与爱尔兰边界。

欧盟和英国第六轮“脱欧”谈判本月10日结束后,欧盟曾向英国下达“最后通牒”,要求英国在两周时间内就“分手费”问题作出明确回复。不过,欧洲理事会主席图斯克24日与英国首相特雷莎·梅会晤后,决定再给英国“最后10天”。

欧盟一名外交消息人士透露,双方会晤时间很长,态度诚恳。图斯克把12月4日定为“绝对的最后期限”,要求英国在此之前拿出更佳的“脱欧”方案,在上述三大议题上更近一步。

按这名消息人士的说法,对于图斯克提出的时间表,特雷莎·梅表示同意。

欧盟定于下月14日至15日举行峰会,讨论英国“脱欧”谈判等事宜。如果英国在10天之内无法拿出让欧盟满意的方案,将无法按原计划解锁包括贸易协议在内的第二阶段谈判。

【谈判焦点转至爱尔兰】

欧盟和英国“脱欧”谈判数月以来,争论焦点一直在“分手费”问题上。路透社说,随着双方在这一关键问题上逐渐靠拢,另一核心议题“英国与爱尔兰边界”可能成为新的谈判焦点。

英国完成“脱欧”后,英国与爱尔兰的边界将是英国与欧盟的唯一陆地边界。爱尔兰方面要求,英国“脱欧”后不应与爱尔兰存在“硬边界”。欧盟“脱欧”谈判代表米歇尔·巴尼耶对爱尔兰的立场表示支持,称“爱尔兰的事就是欧盟的事”。

虽然英国方面也表示不想回到“硬边界”时代,但英国为了拿回贸易自主权而要离开欧盟关税同盟。欧盟则认为,避免出现“硬边界”的最好办法就是北爱尔兰或整个英国留在关税同盟中。

根据英国政府8月发布的《爱尔兰与北爱尔兰立场文件》的相关表述,“硬边界”即设有海关征税、边境口岸、检查站、检验检疫等实体边界基础设施,配备边防力量,有实体边界标识的状态。

对于欧盟的这一提议,英国有不同看法。英国方面说,如果仅把北爱尔兰留在关税同盟内,等同于把这一地区从英国分离出去。

就在这一关键时间点,爱尔兰政府23日突发执政危机,为“脱欧”进程再添变数。一旦爱尔兰提前举行选举,“脱欧”谈判速度恐受影响。

欧盟一名参与“脱欧”谈判的外交官说:“爱尔兰问题现在非常棘手。在12月前就此问题取得进展的可能性仅有50%或更低。”(张旌 田栋栋)(新华社专特稿)

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