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科普:衰老能阻止吗?数学研究说不

2017-11-01 12:50:57   新华网

新华社华盛顿10月31日电(记者林小春)生老病死是自然规律,但很多人肯定想过,随着科学的进步,会出现永不衰老的办法吗?美国亚利桑那大学研究人员带来了坏消息:从数学上看,像人类这样的多细胞生物,衰老无法阻止。

研究人员之一、亚利桑那大学教授乔安娜·梅塞尔在一份声明中说:“从数学上看,衰老不可避免,完全不可避免。逻辑上、理论上和数学上都没有办法。”

梅塞尔和博士后保罗·纳尔逊在新一期美国《国家科学院学报》上报告说,从细胞层面看,人衰老时有两种情况发生。一方面,多数细胞形成速度变慢,功能开始丧失。比如,头发细胞停止生成色素,导致头发变白;另一方面,一些细胞生长速度加快,可能会形成癌细胞。当人衰老到一定程度,很多人体内都会有癌细胞形成,不过不会表现出患癌症状。

研究人员指出,如果清除那些生长缓慢、功能丧失的细胞,那么就会让癌细胞增殖;如果清除生长过快的细胞或让其减速,那么生长缓慢、功能丧失的细胞将在体内积聚。两者只能取其一,无法兼而有之。他们的工作从数学上证明衰老是“不容置疑的事实”和“多细胞生物的内在属性”。

“衰老也许能够减缓,但却不可阻止,”梅塞尔说,“我们从数学上证明了为什么不可能同时解决两个问题。”

纳尔逊补充道:“作为一个多细胞生物,衰老是所有人都不得不面对的事件。”

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