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5天时间病例翻番 “黑死病”肆虐马达加斯加

2017-10-21 06:57:55   

联合国官员19日说,印度洋岛国马达加斯加的鼠疫病例在过去5天里激增近一倍。医学专家担心,如果应对资金无法迅速到位,疫情可能进一步恶化,甚至可能每月新增上千病例。

联合国发言人斯特凡纳·迪雅里克·德拉里维埃说,联合国负责人道主义事务的官员报告,截至18日,马达加斯加已出现1032例鼠疫病例,其中67%为肺鼠疫,“这种类型比腺鼠疫更严重,对疫情控制挑战更大”。

按他的说法,俗称“黑死病”的鼠疫迄今在马达加斯加致死89人,仅17日一天,当地医疗部门就报告13例死亡病例。

迪雅里克告诉记者,联合国官员正加大患者监控和样本送检力度,当前面临的最大困难还是资金。“我们需要950万美元应对,但现在资金到位率只有26%。”

马达加斯加几乎每年都会出现鼠疫,但今年的疫情多发于首都塔那那利佛、港口城市图阿马西纳等人口聚居区,且多数患者感染的是致死率较高的肺鼠疫。为遏制疫情蔓延,马达加斯加政府已采取大学停课、禁止公众集会、暂停探监等措施。

鼠疫是一种少见而危险的疾病,由鼠疫杆菌引发。根据传播途径不同,鼠疫可分为腺鼠疫、肺鼠疫等类型。其中腺鼠疫最为常见,而肺鼠疫致死率较高。各型鼠疫早期的全身症状大致相似,有急起的高热、衰竭、出血倾向、意识模糊、头痛及四肢剧痛、局部淋巴结肿大等。肺鼠疫可通过空气传播,如不治疗,患者可能在18至24小时内死亡。但如果患者在发病早期接受抗生素治疗,即可治愈。(闫洁)【新华社微特稿】

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