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加泰罗尼亚暂缓独立 西班牙政府或考虑“接管加泰”

2017-10-12 09:01:54   

北京时间11日凌晨,西班牙加泰罗尼亚自治区主席普伊格蒙特在地区议会全体会议上“委婉”宣布“加泰独立”,但他紧接着又表示独立暂缓数周生效,以便同西班牙政府开展对话。随后,普伊格蒙特与加泰另一分离主义政党CUP领导人共同签署《独立宣言》,西班牙国家电视台对此报道称,“不清楚所签署文件是否具有法律依据”。普伊格蒙特模棱两可的表态被看成是“缓兵之计”,依旧引起中央政府的强烈不满。

西班牙中央政府认为,普伊格蒙特的发言是分裂国家的宣言,并于11日一早召开紧急内阁会商讨应对策略。首相拉霍伊在新闻发布会上表示,我们一致认为,当前首要问题是普伊格蒙特对其发言制造的模糊局势进行解释,“郑重要求加泰政府说明是否已宣布独立”。西班牙议会当日下午举行全体会议,讨论加泰局势和应对措施,以及是否批准启动宪法第155条。拉霍伊11日晚些时候再次重申“拒绝任何调解”,宣布启动行使宪法第155条的程序,敦促加泰政府在5天内说明是否宣布独立,“这是终止程序的唯一途径”。

加泰议会全会本应在当地时间10日18时举行,结果宣布推迟了一小时。据西班牙《国家报》报道,加泰执政党党内消息人士称,会议推迟的原因:一是普伊格蒙特与CUP之间出现分歧,后者希望在全会上就独立进行议会表决,而普不同意,并有意暂缓宣布独立,在其原本的讲稿中,没有直接宣布独立的语句,引起CUP不满;二是加泰政府认为存在来自欧盟的第三方参与调解的可能,并正对此进行评估。最终,普伊格蒙特在议会上做出这样的发言:“我决定承担起加泰人民授予我的责任,让加泰罗尼亚成为独立的共和国”“我们庄严宣布这一决定,同时,我们也严肃地向议会提出推迟宣布独立”。

西班牙法官协会11日发表声明称,普伊格蒙特宣布独立缺乏法律依据,甚至不符合加泰议会自行通过且被宪法法院裁决违宪的所谓“公投法”和“过渡法”。按照所谓的“公投法”,只有当地议会可以宣布独立,而不是由大区主席个人宣布。西班牙《国家报》11日社论称,普伊格蒙特的“暧昧言辞”实际上是对法治国家的嘲讽,独立推迟生效,不能掩盖单方面宣布独立对民主与法治的伤害,这是普伊格蒙特故意设置的新陷阱。

西班牙《世界报》评论称,骗局仍在继续,普伊格蒙特绑架国家,而CUP绑架普伊格蒙特。在得不到国际社会支持、不断有企业宣布撤走、国际货币基金组织警告经济危害的情况下,普伊格蒙特并未如激进独立派希望的那样直接宣布独立。《国家报》认为,其暂缓宣布独立、寻求对话并不是真心想要回归到宪法的框架内,而是对中央政府发出的又一“最后通牒”,提出国家绝不可能接受的条件。《先锋报》题为“迷茫”的社论认为,普伊格蒙特想在独立和退缩间找折中之路,但即使维持当前不稳定的状态也会对国家和地区造成伤害。

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